Unit Two Text B By Dai Mingyuan 1
Unit Two
Text B
Food and Culture
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 2
Unit Two Text B
I,Pre-reading Task
II,Related Information
III,Outline& Summary
IV,Detailed Study
V,Home Assignment
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 3
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 4
I,Pre-reading Task,
1,Do you have any ideas about what kinds of
foods are good to eat?
2,Do you think different ways of life may lead to
different food likes and dislikes?
3,In some cultures,certain foods are taboo,
Can you give some examples?
Back
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 5
II,Related Information,
1,Muhammad Ali,(1942-) an American boxer,who won
the world heavy weighed title in 1964,1974 and 1978,
He was known especially for his self-confidence,
shown by the phrase,I am the greatest”,which he
often used,
2,Tattooing,method of decorating the skin by inserting
colored substances under the surface,The skin is
punctured with a sharp instrument,which now is
usually an electric needle,
3,Fiji,independent republic in the southern Pacific
Ocean,part of Melanesia,It comprises more than 300
islands and islets,100 of which of inhabited,Fiji has a
total area of 18274 sq,km,The capital and largest city
of Fiji id Suva,
Back
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 6
III,Outline & Summary,
I) Outline,
1,(Para.1-2)the main topic
2,(Para.3-6) possible causes to people’s food likes
and dislikes
3,(Para.7) the author’s conclusion
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 7
III,Outline & Summary,
II) Summary,
People from different cultures have different ideas
about the food,We may have our food likes and
dislikes because of nutritious and religious
reasons.However,far beyond these,they are also a
result of the ways of life of different people.For
example,people in India never eat cows due to their
value and usefulness,nor do Americans eat dogs
because they serve as good companions and
protections against criminals.We call such a case
taboo.So different cultures have different choices of
food,
Back
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 8
1.afford v,
1.(与 can,could和 be able to 连用）省出或找出足够的钱或时间（去做某事）；
足以； …… 得起
?Are you able to afford the time for a holiday?
你能抽出时间去度假吗？
2.（与 can或 could连用）冒 …… 之险
?She couldn't afford to displease her boss.她得罪不起她的上司。
3.（正式用语）供给，给与
?I will afford me great pleasure to have dinner with you,
与你共餐将是铁一大乐事。
[常用短语 ]afford to do sth.支付得起做 ……
IV,Detail Study (Words)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 9
2.appropriate
1.adj,适当的，适合于 …… 的，与 ……,一致的
?Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal occasion,
运动衣不适全正式场合。
2.v,拨（款等）做某种特殊用途；私用，挪用
?Millions of money has been appropriated for the refugees,
数百万的钱已拨出用来救济难民。
?Quite a few senior cadres have been sued for appropriating public
money,好些高级干部被起诉挪用公款。
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,appropriately适当地，一致地； appropriation拨
款，挪用，剽窃
[常用短语 ]appropriate for/to sth.适合于 …… 的，与 …… 一致的
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 10
3.companion n,
1.同伴，伴侣
?I got to know some companions on the journey,
我渐渐结识了一些旅伴。
2.成对的对象之一
?Here’s the glove for my left hand,but where’s the companion?
我左手的手套在此，右手的呢？
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,companionable adj,好交友的，友爱的；
companionship n,伴同。同伴之谊
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 11
4.forbid v.禁止，不允许
?We are forbidden to sit on the lawn.我们不准坐在草坪上。
?Students are forbidden to use the office duplicator,
学生禁止使用办公室的复印机。
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,forbidding adj.冷峻的，讨厌的； forbiddingly
adv,险恶地，讨厌地
反义词,allow 允许
[常用短语 ]be forbidden to do sth.禁止做 ……
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Unit Two Text B
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5.sufficient adj,足够的，充分的
?Do they have sufficient food to last another ten days?
他们有足够的粮食再支持十天吗？
?The prosecutor has sufficient proofs to prove you innocent,
这位公诉人在足够的证据证明你是清白的。
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,suffice v.足够； sufficiently adv,足够地,
充分地； sufficiency n.足够，充分
[常用短语 ]a sufficiency of sth.足够的 ……
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6.wherever adv,无论何处，在那些 …… 的地方
?Make,you can sit wherever you like。
迈克，你可以坐在你喜欢的地方。
类似短语有,no matter where 无论哪里。
?I’ll be with you no matter where you are,
无论你在哪，我将永远和你在一起。
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,where adv,哪里； whosesoever 无论哪里；
whereabouts 下落； whereof 关于什么，关于它； whereby 凭什么
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 14
1.as a result(of) 结果；因 …… 而
?Not winning the confidence and goodwill of people in the
world,as a result,the Bush Administration has lost its
permanent membership of human rights committee of UN,
没有赢行世人的信心和好感，结果布什政府失去了联合国人权
委员会的席位。
与之类似的有,consequently由 …… 而引起； in
consequence(of) 结果，因 …… 而； therefore为此，因此
2,In some cases 在某些情况下
?We must make a concrete analysis of concrete conditions in
some cases,
在某些情况下，我们必须对具体的情况作具体的分析。
IV,Detail Study (Phrases)
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By Dai Mingyuan 15
3.pick up
1.拾起，拿起
?The naughty boy picked up a stone and throw it at the window,
这个淘气的男孩捡起一块石头朝窗户扔
2.收拾（整齐）
?Mother had picked the sitting room up before the guests arrived,
客人到来之前，母亲已收拾好客厅。
3.获得，得到
?The clever guy picked up several foreign languages,
这个聪明的家伙自然地学到了好几门外语。
4.（车）搭载
?Please wait at the airport,I’ll pick you up right away,
请在机场等，我马上开车来接你。
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4.regard… as 认为 …… 是，把 …… 当作
类似短语,look up on… as;consider… as
?He’s regarded as the best dentist in the town,
他被认为是城里最好的牙医。
?Every student regards their teachers as their close friends,
每一个学生都把他们的老师当作亲密的朋友。
5.plenty of 大量的，充足的
?In South China,there’s plenty of rain.在华南，有充足的雨水。
?We have plenty of workers to do the work,
我们有大量的工人来干活。
类似的词和短语有,many/much/a lot of/lots of许多。
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Unit Two Text B
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1.afford和 offer
afford v,…… 得起，常与情态动词或 be able to 结构连用，后常接动词不
定式。
offer v,提供，提出，出价。
?I can’t afford (to buy)such an expensive sedan,
我买不起这么贵的轿车。
?I’ve been offered a job in Japan,
有人提供我一个在日本的工作机会。
IV,Detail Study (Words Comparison)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 18
2.dislike 和 unlike
dislike v.“不喜欢,,由 like(v.喜欢） +前缀 dis-组合而成； n.不喜
欢的事。
unlike prep.,不像,,由 like (prep.像） +前缀 un-组合而成。
?If you behave like that,you’ll get yourself disliked,
如果你的行为像那样子，你会使人厌恶。
?My son is unlike me in every respect.我儿子没一处像我。
3.grow up 与 bring up
grow up 长大，成年。 Grown-up n.成年人（与 child 相对应）
bring up 教育，养育。
?The boy always says he will join the army when he grows up,
这男孩常说长大后他将去参军。
?If children are badly brought up,they behave badly,
孩子们教养不好，他们的行为也不好。
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Unit Two Text B
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4.in some cases,in most cases,in any case,in case(of)t in
no case
in some cases 在某些情况下（指特定的情况）。
in most cases 在绝大部分情况下。
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样。
in case (of ),如果，万一,,表示假设的情况。
in no case 决不。
?In some cases,good wishes alone will not work,
有些情况下，只有良好的愿望是不起作用的。
?In most cases,buying shares is to be included in the acceptance of risk.
在绝大部分情况下，买股票就意味着承担风险。
?You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains,
你最好带上雨伞，以防万一天下雨。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 20
1.When the famous boxer Muhammad Ali visited Africa,for
example,one member of his group became quite sick
when he saw someone pick up a butterfly and eat
it.(paragraph 1,line 4)例如，著名拳击手穆罕默得 ?阿里访问
非洲时，他的一个队友看到有人捡起一只蝴蝶就吃，感到恶心。
become sick 恶心，反胃，作呕。类似的表达有,be sick,get sick得病。
?I was quite sick on the first day of the voyage,
我在航海的第一天晕船厉害。
IV,Detail Study (Difficult Points)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 21
2.Some people in Africa think African termites make a
delicious meal,(paragraph 2,line 1)一些非洲人认为非洲白
蚁是一种佳肴。
（ 1） make v,使 …… 具有某种特色
?The illustration will make a vivid book.插图会使一本书生动活泼。
（ 2） delicious adj,味道好的，味美的
类似的词有,tasty,palatable 味美的。
?What a delicious dinner we’ve had!我们吃了一顿多么味美的饭啊！
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Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 22
3.However,food likes and dislikes do not always seem
relate to nutrition.(paragraph 3,line 1)但是，对食物的
好恶并不部是和营养有关。
(be)related to 与 …… 相关 /有关。类似短语有,have something to
do with 与 …… 有关。
?The fall of living standard is directly related to the war,
生活水平的下降直接与战争有关。
?He has something to do with the murder.他和这起凶杀案有关。
4.Some foods are taboo in certain religions,but there
are also other food taboos that are not connected to
a religion,(paragraph 4,line 3)有些事物在宗教里是禁
忌，但也有些事物与宗教无关。
be connected to 与 …… 相连。
?Hong Kong island is connected by a tunnel to Kowloon,
一条海底隧道把香港与九龙相连。
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5.Cows can go wherever they want to in the streets of
India,and they can eat anything they want from the
supplies of the food.seller on the street.(paragraph 4,line
6)牛在印度大街上可以随意走，也可以随便吃街上食品商的食
品。
supplies n.供应，供给之物； supply v,供给。常用词组 supply
sth.to sb.或 supply sb,With sth.把 …… 供给某人。
?Price is deeply affected by supply and demand,
价格深受供求关系的影响。
?The aid workers supplied emergent food to the refugees,
救援人员给难民提供了紧急食品。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 24
6.One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork
is not cooked sufficiently may spread a disease
called trichinosis,(paragraph 6,line 3)对猪肉的禁忌，
一个解释是煮不透的猪肉会传播一种叫旋毛虫的病。
be cooked sufficiently 煮熟透。
?He prefers to have his beef steak cooked sufficiently,
他更喜欢煮熟透的牛排。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 25
7.Nomadic people who move around will not want to
keep pigs for food.(paragraph 7,line 4)到处迁徙的
游牧民族不会为了食物而养猪。 Keep 饲养，赡养，
养护。类似的词还有,support,raise和 rear,
?Does he earn enough to keep his family?他的收入够养家吗？
?Some pets are lovely but they aren’t easy to keep,
有些宠物很可爱但不易养大。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 26
1.One hundred grams of termites contain more than twice as many
calories and almost twice as much protein as one hundred grams
of cooked hamburger,
2.Tomatoes are sixteenth on the hit of the most nutritious
vegetables,but they are first on the list at vegetables that
Americans like most to eat,
3.Apparently,the dog’s place in society as a companion and as a
protection against criminals makes the dog taboo as food,
4.Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislikes are a
result at the ways of like at different people,
5.Americans eat a lot of beef because there is plenty of land for
raising cattle and their meat can be shipped directly for long
distances by railroads,
IV,Detail Study (Sentences Appreciation and Citing)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 27
食品与文化
哪种食品好吃、哪种食品不好吃，我们都有自己的看法。为此，一种
文化的人常常觉得另一种文化的人吃的食物是令人讨厌或恶心的。例如,
著名拳击手穆罕默德 ?阿里访问非洲的时候，他的一个队友看到有人拣起一
只蝴蝶就吃，感到很不舒服。许多人会觉得吃老鼠令人厌恶，可是有 42种
不同文化的人认为老鼠是很可口的食物。
在非洲，有些部落认为非洲白蚁是一种佳肴。而许多其它部落的人若
真要吃白蚁的话，就可能感到恶心。但是，与 100克烧熟的汉堡包相比,
100克白蚁所含的热量是它的两倍多，所含蛋白质接近它的两倍。
然而，食物的好恶往往和营养无关。例如，花椰菜在人们最富营养的
常见蔬菜中名列榜首，但是，在美国人最喜欢吃的蔬菜中它排在第 21位。
西红柿最有营养的各种蔬菜中居 15位，但在美国人最喜欢的蔬菜中它却位
居第一 。
IV,Detail Study (Translation)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 28
但是，某些文化中的人不吃某处食物，厌恶不是唯一原因。在有些
文化中，此食物属于禁忌（ taboo）。 Taboo 源自斐济群岛语言里的
一个词，用来指被禁止的东西。有些食物在某些宗教里是禁忌，但是
也有其他一些禁忌的食物却到宗教无关。通常，我们并不去想为什么
某些东西在我们的文化里是属禁忌。我们甚至不会知道禁忌的原因。
人类学家设法要找出禁忌的隐藏原因。比如：印度尊崇牛为神是众所
周知的。在印度街头，牛爱上哪就上哪，它们可以在街上随意吃食品
商的任何东西。结果,
牛就成了问题。然而，在印度没有人会杀牛或吃牛肉，这么做是忌
讳的。对别的民族来说这种习俗似乎很奇怪，但是人类学家相信这上
有原因的。首先，因为农民需要牛为帮助耕地，为此，牛是很宝贵的
。其次，牛粪可以肥田。在印度，许多农民买不起肥料。第三，牛粪
晒干后可以当柴。因此，杀牛吃肉的农民很快会发现他们再也不能耕
地，也不能用牛粪肥田，更没有牛粪当柴火了。
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 29
另一个例子是美国人不吃狗肉，尽管一些其他文化的人把狗肉当美食。
在美国，狗作为宠物对人来说是十分重要的。人们通常把狗当作家庭的一
分子，甚至有时当成他们的一个孩子。此我，狗具有防范罪犯的价值。狗
会叫，而且可能会袭击想入室的陌生人，所以，贼常常不会进入有狗的房
子。显然，狗在社会上作为伙伴和防止罪犯的地位使得狗肉成为禁忌。
不止一种文化把吃猪肉当作是禁忌。有证据表是一些古埃及人不吃猪肉。
古以色列人也把吃猪肉视为禁忌。对禁忌吃猪肉的一个解释是没有煮透的
猪肉会传播一种叫旋毛虫的疾病。然而，大多数人不再认为这是禁忌吃猪
肉的正确解释。
人类学家认为，对大多数食物的喜恶都源于不同的人们的生活方式。
有些人生活在有大动物又有许多小昆虫的地方。要他们去宰杀大动物是困
难的，这需要花大力气。所以用小昆虫当食物对他们来说就容易些，因为
抓昆虫并不难，也不需要花很大力气。到处迁移的游牧民族不会为了吃肉
而养猪。人们不会把狗那样的宠物吃掉。美国人大量吃牛肉是因为他们有
足够的土地来养牛，并且牛肉可以通过铁路廉价地长途运输。
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Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 30
V,Home Assignment,
1,Recite Text B;
2,Finish the exercises after Text B;
3,Prepare for a quiz on Text B;
4,Unit 2 Passage B (Extensive Course ),
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Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 31
Unit Two
Text B
Food and Culture
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 2
Unit Two Text B
I,Pre-reading Task
II,Related Information
III,Outline& Summary
IV,Detailed Study
V,Home Assignment
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 3
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 4
I,Pre-reading Task,
1,Do you have any ideas about what kinds of
foods are good to eat?
2,Do you think different ways of life may lead to
different food likes and dislikes?
3,In some cultures,certain foods are taboo,
Can you give some examples?
Back
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 5
II,Related Information,
1,Muhammad Ali,(1942-) an American boxer,who won
the world heavy weighed title in 1964,1974 and 1978,
He was known especially for his self-confidence,
shown by the phrase,I am the greatest”,which he
often used,
2,Tattooing,method of decorating the skin by inserting
colored substances under the surface,The skin is
punctured with a sharp instrument,which now is
usually an electric needle,
3,Fiji,independent republic in the southern Pacific
Ocean,part of Melanesia,It comprises more than 300
islands and islets,100 of which of inhabited,Fiji has a
total area of 18274 sq,km,The capital and largest city
of Fiji id Suva,
Back
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 6
III,Outline & Summary,
I) Outline,
1,(Para.1-2)the main topic
2,(Para.3-6) possible causes to people’s food likes
and dislikes
3,(Para.7) the author’s conclusion
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 7
III,Outline & Summary,
II) Summary,
People from different cultures have different ideas
about the food,We may have our food likes and
dislikes because of nutritious and religious
reasons.However,far beyond these,they are also a
result of the ways of life of different people.For
example,people in India never eat cows due to their
value and usefulness,nor do Americans eat dogs
because they serve as good companions and
protections against criminals.We call such a case
taboo.So different cultures have different choices of
food,
Back
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 8
1.afford v,
1.(与 can,could和 be able to 连用）省出或找出足够的钱或时间（去做某事）；
足以； …… 得起
?Are you able to afford the time for a holiday?
你能抽出时间去度假吗？
2.（与 can或 could连用）冒 …… 之险
?She couldn't afford to displease her boss.她得罪不起她的上司。
3.（正式用语）供给，给与
?I will afford me great pleasure to have dinner with you,
与你共餐将是铁一大乐事。
[常用短语 ]afford to do sth.支付得起做 ……
IV,Detail Study (Words)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 9
2.appropriate
1.adj,适当的，适合于 …… 的，与 ……,一致的
?Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal occasion,
运动衣不适全正式场合。
2.v,拨（款等）做某种特殊用途；私用，挪用
?Millions of money has been appropriated for the refugees,
数百万的钱已拨出用来救济难民。
?Quite a few senior cadres have been sued for appropriating public
money,好些高级干部被起诉挪用公款。
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,appropriately适当地，一致地； appropriation拨
款，挪用，剽窃
[常用短语 ]appropriate for/to sth.适合于 …… 的，与 …… 一致的
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 10
3.companion n,
1.同伴，伴侣
?I got to know some companions on the journey,
我渐渐结识了一些旅伴。
2.成对的对象之一
?Here’s the glove for my left hand,but where’s the companion?
我左手的手套在此，右手的呢？
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,companionable adj,好交友的，友爱的；
companionship n,伴同。同伴之谊
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 11
4.forbid v.禁止，不允许
?We are forbidden to sit on the lawn.我们不准坐在草坪上。
?Students are forbidden to use the office duplicator,
学生禁止使用办公室的复印机。
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,forbidding adj.冷峻的，讨厌的； forbiddingly
adv,险恶地，讨厌地
反义词,allow 允许
[常用短语 ]be forbidden to do sth.禁止做 ……
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Unit Two Text B
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5.sufficient adj,足够的，充分的
?Do they have sufficient food to last another ten days?
他们有足够的粮食再支持十天吗？
?The prosecutor has sufficient proofs to prove you innocent,
这位公诉人在足够的证据证明你是清白的。
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,suffice v.足够； sufficiently adv,足够地,
充分地； sufficiency n.足够，充分
[常用短语 ]a sufficiency of sth.足够的 ……
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Unit Two Text B
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6.wherever adv,无论何处，在那些 …… 的地方
?Make,you can sit wherever you like。
迈克，你可以坐在你喜欢的地方。
类似短语有,no matter where 无论哪里。
?I’ll be with you no matter where you are,
无论你在哪，我将永远和你在一起。
[记忆技巧 ]同源派生词,where adv,哪里； whosesoever 无论哪里；
whereabouts 下落； whereof 关于什么，关于它； whereby 凭什么
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Unit Two Text B
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1.as a result(of) 结果；因 …… 而
?Not winning the confidence and goodwill of people in the
world,as a result,the Bush Administration has lost its
permanent membership of human rights committee of UN,
没有赢行世人的信心和好感，结果布什政府失去了联合国人权
委员会的席位。
与之类似的有,consequently由 …… 而引起； in
consequence(of) 结果，因 …… 而； therefore为此，因此
2,In some cases 在某些情况下
?We must make a concrete analysis of concrete conditions in
some cases,
在某些情况下，我们必须对具体的情况作具体的分析。
IV,Detail Study (Phrases)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 15
3.pick up
1.拾起，拿起
?The naughty boy picked up a stone and throw it at the window,
这个淘气的男孩捡起一块石头朝窗户扔
2.收拾（整齐）
?Mother had picked the sitting room up before the guests arrived,
客人到来之前，母亲已收拾好客厅。
3.获得，得到
?The clever guy picked up several foreign languages,
这个聪明的家伙自然地学到了好几门外语。
4.（车）搭载
?Please wait at the airport,I’ll pick you up right away,
请在机场等，我马上开车来接你。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
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4.regard… as 认为 …… 是，把 …… 当作
类似短语,look up on… as;consider… as
?He’s regarded as the best dentist in the town,
他被认为是城里最好的牙医。
?Every student regards their teachers as their close friends,
每一个学生都把他们的老师当作亲密的朋友。
5.plenty of 大量的，充足的
?In South China,there’s plenty of rain.在华南，有充足的雨水。
?We have plenty of workers to do the work,
我们有大量的工人来干活。
类似的词和短语有,many/much/a lot of/lots of许多。
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1.afford和 offer
afford v,…… 得起，常与情态动词或 be able to 结构连用，后常接动词不
定式。
offer v,提供，提出，出价。
?I can’t afford (to buy)such an expensive sedan,
我买不起这么贵的轿车。
?I’ve been offered a job in Japan,
有人提供我一个在日本的工作机会。
IV,Detail Study (Words Comparison)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 18
2.dislike 和 unlike
dislike v.“不喜欢,,由 like(v.喜欢） +前缀 dis-组合而成； n.不喜
欢的事。
unlike prep.,不像,,由 like (prep.像） +前缀 un-组合而成。
?If you behave like that,you’ll get yourself disliked,
如果你的行为像那样子，你会使人厌恶。
?My son is unlike me in every respect.我儿子没一处像我。
3.grow up 与 bring up
grow up 长大，成年。 Grown-up n.成年人（与 child 相对应）
bring up 教育，养育。
?The boy always says he will join the army when he grows up,
这男孩常说长大后他将去参军。
?If children are badly brought up,they behave badly,
孩子们教养不好，他们的行为也不好。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
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4.in some cases,in most cases,in any case,in case(of)t in
no case
in some cases 在某些情况下（指特定的情况）。
in most cases 在绝大部分情况下。
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样。
in case (of ),如果，万一,,表示假设的情况。
in no case 决不。
?In some cases,good wishes alone will not work,
有些情况下，只有良好的愿望是不起作用的。
?In most cases,buying shares is to be included in the acceptance of risk.
在绝大部分情况下，买股票就意味着承担风险。
?You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains,
你最好带上雨伞，以防万一天下雨。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 20
1.When the famous boxer Muhammad Ali visited Africa,for
example,one member of his group became quite sick
when he saw someone pick up a butterfly and eat
it.(paragraph 1,line 4)例如，著名拳击手穆罕默得 ?阿里访问
非洲时，他的一个队友看到有人捡起一只蝴蝶就吃，感到恶心。
become sick 恶心，反胃，作呕。类似的表达有,be sick,get sick得病。
?I was quite sick on the first day of the voyage,
我在航海的第一天晕船厉害。
IV,Detail Study (Difficult Points)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 21
2.Some people in Africa think African termites make a
delicious meal,(paragraph 2,line 1)一些非洲人认为非洲白
蚁是一种佳肴。
（ 1） make v,使 …… 具有某种特色
?The illustration will make a vivid book.插图会使一本书生动活泼。
（ 2） delicious adj,味道好的，味美的
类似的词有,tasty,palatable 味美的。
?What a delicious dinner we’ve had!我们吃了一顿多么味美的饭啊！
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 22
3.However,food likes and dislikes do not always seem
relate to nutrition.(paragraph 3,line 1)但是，对食物的
好恶并不部是和营养有关。
(be)related to 与 …… 相关 /有关。类似短语有,have something to
do with 与 …… 有关。
?The fall of living standard is directly related to the war,
生活水平的下降直接与战争有关。
?He has something to do with the murder.他和这起凶杀案有关。
4.Some foods are taboo in certain religions,but there
are also other food taboos that are not connected to
a religion,(paragraph 4,line 3)有些事物在宗教里是禁
忌，但也有些事物与宗教无关。
be connected to 与 …… 相连。
?Hong Kong island is connected by a tunnel to Kowloon,
一条海底隧道把香港与九龙相连。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
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5.Cows can go wherever they want to in the streets of
India,and they can eat anything they want from the
supplies of the food.seller on the street.(paragraph 4,line
6)牛在印度大街上可以随意走，也可以随便吃街上食品商的食
品。
supplies n.供应，供给之物； supply v,供给。常用词组 supply
sth.to sb.或 supply sb,With sth.把 …… 供给某人。
?Price is deeply affected by supply and demand,
价格深受供求关系的影响。
?The aid workers supplied emergent food to the refugees,
救援人员给难民提供了紧急食品。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 24
6.One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork
is not cooked sufficiently may spread a disease
called trichinosis,(paragraph 6,line 3)对猪肉的禁忌，
一个解释是煮不透的猪肉会传播一种叫旋毛虫的病。
be cooked sufficiently 煮熟透。
?He prefers to have his beef steak cooked sufficiently,
他更喜欢煮熟透的牛排。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 25
7.Nomadic people who move around will not want to
keep pigs for food.(paragraph 7,line 4)到处迁徙的
游牧民族不会为了食物而养猪。 Keep 饲养，赡养，
养护。类似的词还有,support,raise和 rear,
?Does he earn enough to keep his family?他的收入够养家吗？
?Some pets are lovely but they aren’t easy to keep,
有些宠物很可爱但不易养大。
Unit 2
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 26
1.One hundred grams of termites contain more than twice as many
calories and almost twice as much protein as one hundred grams
of cooked hamburger,
2.Tomatoes are sixteenth on the hit of the most nutritious
vegetables,but they are first on the list at vegetables that
Americans like most to eat,
3.Apparently,the dog’s place in society as a companion and as a
protection against criminals makes the dog taboo as food,
4.Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislikes are a
result at the ways of like at different people,
5.Americans eat a lot of beef because there is plenty of land for
raising cattle and their meat can be shipped directly for long
distances by railroads,
IV,Detail Study (Sentences Appreciation and Citing)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 27
食品与文化
哪种食品好吃、哪种食品不好吃，我们都有自己的看法。为此，一种
文化的人常常觉得另一种文化的人吃的食物是令人讨厌或恶心的。例如,
著名拳击手穆罕默德 ?阿里访问非洲的时候，他的一个队友看到有人拣起一
只蝴蝶就吃，感到很不舒服。许多人会觉得吃老鼠令人厌恶，可是有 42种
不同文化的人认为老鼠是很可口的食物。
在非洲，有些部落认为非洲白蚁是一种佳肴。而许多其它部落的人若
真要吃白蚁的话，就可能感到恶心。但是，与 100克烧熟的汉堡包相比,
100克白蚁所含的热量是它的两倍多，所含蛋白质接近它的两倍。
然而，食物的好恶往往和营养无关。例如，花椰菜在人们最富营养的
常见蔬菜中名列榜首，但是，在美国人最喜欢吃的蔬菜中它排在第 21位。
西红柿最有营养的各种蔬菜中居 15位，但在美国人最喜欢的蔬菜中它却位
居第一 。
IV,Detail Study (Translation)
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 28
但是，某些文化中的人不吃某处食物，厌恶不是唯一原因。在有些
文化中，此食物属于禁忌（ taboo）。 Taboo 源自斐济群岛语言里的
一个词，用来指被禁止的东西。有些食物在某些宗教里是禁忌，但是
也有其他一些禁忌的食物却到宗教无关。通常，我们并不去想为什么
某些东西在我们的文化里是属禁忌。我们甚至不会知道禁忌的原因。
人类学家设法要找出禁忌的隐藏原因。比如：印度尊崇牛为神是众所
周知的。在印度街头，牛爱上哪就上哪，它们可以在街上随意吃食品
商的任何东西。结果,
牛就成了问题。然而，在印度没有人会杀牛或吃牛肉，这么做是忌
讳的。对别的民族来说这种习俗似乎很奇怪，但是人类学家相信这上
有原因的。首先，因为农民需要牛为帮助耕地，为此，牛是很宝贵的
。其次，牛粪可以肥田。在印度，许多农民买不起肥料。第三，牛粪
晒干后可以当柴。因此，杀牛吃肉的农民很快会发现他们再也不能耕
地，也不能用牛粪肥田，更没有牛粪当柴火了。
Unit Two Text B
By Dai Mingyuan 29
另一个例子是美国人不吃狗肉，尽管一些其他文化的人把狗肉当美食。
在美国，狗作为宠物对人来说是十分重要的。人们通常把狗当作家庭的一
分子，甚至有时当成他们的一个孩子。此我，狗具有防范罪犯的价值。狗
会叫，而且可能会袭击想入室的陌生人，所以，贼常常不会进入有狗的房
子。显然，狗在社会上作为伙伴和防止罪犯的地位使得狗肉成为禁忌。
不止一种文化把吃猪肉当作是禁忌。有证据表是一些古埃及人不吃猪肉。
古以色列人也把吃猪肉视为禁忌。对禁忌吃猪肉的一个解释是没有煮透的
猪肉会传播一种叫旋毛虫的疾病。然而，大多数人不再认为这是禁忌吃猪
肉的正确解释。
人类学家认为，对大多数食物的喜恶都源于不同的人们的生活方式。
有些人生活在有大动物又有许多小昆虫的地方。要他们去宰杀大动物是困
难的，这需要花大力气。所以用小昆虫当食物对他们来说就容易些，因为
抓昆虫并不难，也不需要花很大力气。到处迁移的游牧民族不会为了吃肉
而养猪。人们不会把狗那样的宠物吃掉。美国人大量吃牛肉是因为他们有
足够的土地来养牛，并且牛肉可以通过铁路廉价地长途运输。
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Unit Two Text B
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V,Home Assignment,
1,Recite Text B;
2,Finish the exercises after Text B;
3,Prepare for a quiz on Text B;
4,Unit 2 Passage B (Extensive Course ),
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Unit Two Text B
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