四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 编号： 班级名称 鲁班3班 鲁班4班    授课日期      周次/星期      课时章节或 课题名称 Text A of Unit 10: Back to Nature   课 时 教 学 目 标  Through the study of these two periods of class, the students should understand the text correctly. The new words should be read fluently. The new words and the expressions in the text should be learnt by heart.   课 时 教 学 过 程 设 计 复 习 要 点 或 题 目 教学方法 教学时间   1. Reading of the new words of Text B of Unit 9. 2. Reading of the text. 3. Translation of some parts of the text of Unit 9 Practice 10 minutes   新 课 教 学 要 点 及 难 点 分 析 教学方法 及教具 教学时间    1. 课文内容提要: When city people are asked where they prefer to live, going back to nature or staying in the city, the advantages and disadvantages of living in the county have long been a subject of discussion among many of them. Some would like to go back to nature because they feel city life is dirty and noisy, impersonal and isolated, and they think in the country they can enjoy a peaceful and quiet life. The fresh air, the open spaces, the friendly people and gentle peace of living are all that they dream of. However, they would hesitate if they are asked to make their real decision. They would find country life dull, hard and inconvenient. They can not live without any excitement, especially joys of night life in the city. 2. 词汇解释: contrast v./n.; concrete n./adj.; convince vt.; isolate v.; breed v.; compromise n.; preference n; sensitivity n.; lean v./adj.; chew v. Lecture and practice 75 minutes  续 课 时 教 学 过 程 设 计 3. 词组用法: in opposition to; head out; belong to; in that; turn to; come to an end; leave behind; take to 4. 疑难词语辨析: contrast (v.) 和 compare(v.); advantage (n.), benefit (n.) 和 profit (n.); whereas(conj.), while (conj.) 和 but (conj.) 5. 课文重点难点详解: It has been suggested that the superficial differences between the two-wide-open spaces contrasting with brick and concrete —— are less important than the contrasting attitudes towards town and country. I am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we would prefer to live in the country away from the dirt and noise of a large city. I have managed to convince myself that if it weren't for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. Children become aggressive and nervous —— cooped up at home all day, with nowhere to play; their mothers feel isolated from the rest of the world.     小 结 教学方法 教学时间    The main task of the students is to understand the meaning of the text and they should also have a thinking whether they want to live in the city or live in the countryside. Lecture 5 minutes   作业布置（预习、思考题、练习题、看参考资料等）   1. Read the new words fluently. 2. Translate the text into Chinese. 3. Learn the new words by heart and prepare a dictation. 4. Do Exercises4, 6, 7, and 8 in writing and Exercises 2, 3, 5 and 9 orally.  教学后记 After the study of this text, the difficulty of the students is the understanding of the text. The main task of these two periods of class is the understanding of the text. So the students should put the text into Chinese correctly under the direction of the teacher. Another difficulty of the students is the new words. The students should first read the new words fluently, and then learn the new words by heart. For checking, the students should have a dictation of the new words.  四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 编号： 班级名称 鲁班3班 鲁班4班    授课日期      周次/星期      课时章节或 课题名称 Exercises of Text A of Unit 10   课 时 教 学 目 标  Through the study of these two periods of class, the students should understand the text correctly. The new words should be read fluently and the new words should have a dictation. The exercises and the practice should be done correctly under the direction of the teacher..   课 时 教 学 过 程 设 计 复 习 要 点 或 题 目 教学方法 教学时间   1. Dictation. of the new words of Text A of Unit 10. 2. Reading of the text. 3. Translation of some parts of the text of Unit 9 4. Exercises doing. Practice 20 minutes   新 课 教 学 要 点 及 难 点 分 析 教学方法 及教具 教学时间   Exercise 2 B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. D Exercise 3 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T Exercise 4 Advantages: City life: 1) You are at the center of things. 2) Life lasts until late at night. Country life: 1) You have a sense of togetherness. 2) You enjoy a peaceful and quiet life. Disadvantages: City life: 1) Dirty, noisy and impersonal. 2) The sense of belonging to a community disappears. Country life: 1) Being cut off from the exciting and important events taking place in cities. 2) Little possibi1ity of going to a new show or the latest movie. 3) Shopping becomes a major problem. Practice 65 minutes  续 课 时 教 学 过 程 设 计 Vocabulary and Structure Exercise 5 1) e 2) f 3) d 4) g 5) j 6) h 7) a 8) c 9) i 10) b Exercise 6 1) slight 2) contrast 3) leaned 4) superficial 5) breads 6) isolated 7) compromise 8) convinced 9) improvement 10) nervous Exercise 7 1) leave ...behind 2) turn to 3) head out 4) 1ean on 5) suffered from 6) took to 7) contrast … with 8) keen on 9) isolated from 10) cut ... off Exercise 8 1) There still exist wars in the world today. 2) There still remains the point about creativity. 3) There seems to be nowhere to stay. 4) There must be something wrong with the machine. 5) There are two buttons missing on my jacket. 6) There appears to have been a mistake.     小 结 教学方法 教学时间   The main task of the students in the class is doing the exercises correctly. They should pay more attention to There + v.. Lecture 5 minutes   作业布置（预习、思考题、练习题、看参考资料等）   1. Read the new words in Text B aloud . 2. Prepare the study for Text B. 3. Do Exercise 1 of Pre-reading Task in Text B  教学后记 After the exercises doing in these two periods of class, the students should know how to do all the exercises in Text A correctly, especially the words and expressions in Exercise 6 and 7. Some students will forget the new words very quickly. So the students should review the new words from time to time.  UNIT 10 Comprehensive Course Aims Aims Text A Text B  Words breed, chew, compromise, concrete, contrast, convince, disadvantage, improvement, isolate, isolation, lean, nowadays, nowhere, slight, superficial collapse, collection, convey, desirable, destroy, disturb, eventually, favorable, frequent, interfere, lack, largely, operate, provided, suitable, swift, usage, wealthy  Phrases be keen on, belong to, come to an end, contrast with, cut off (from), head out, in opposition to, in that, isolate from, lean on, leave behind, suffer from, take to, turn to an army of, compensate for, cope with, help with, interfere with, pour into, to the point of, prevent … from, sympathize with, watch over  Structures 1. There + V. 2. Word Formation  Skills Reading Translation Writing Listening & Speaking   Drawing a Conclusion 被动句的翻译(4): 译成汉语的被动句 写请求信 Describing Personal Qualities   TEXT A OF UNIT 10 Back to Nature A、Introduction The advantages and disadvantages of living in the country have long been a subject of discussion among many city people. Those who are in favour of city life will always prefer the hectic pace and excitement of 1ife in the city by arguing that the country people can hardly enjoy all the cultural, educational, and commercial advantages that cities offer without paying for them, while those who get tired of city life will want the more tranquil pace of life in the country. They have argued that people living in the country are always in close contact with nature and therefore life will be healthier and free from many diseases and problems that are common in the city. Which do you prefer: city life or country life? Or is there any other possible and better way out for those who are going to compromise? :Now let's see what is the answer the author tries to give us. B、词汇详解 1. contrast v./n. v.①使对比, 使对照(vt.) In this book the writer contrasts good with evil. 在这本书里, 作者将善与恶进行了对比。 ②形成对照(vi.) The poet's robust constitution contrasts in a striking way with his sentimental poetry. 诗人强壮的体格与其伤感的诗歌形成了鲜明的对比。 n.①比较, 对比 Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when seen alone. 对比可以使某物显得比单独看时更美。 ②(不同之物在一起所出现的)差异 The contrast of light and shade is important in photography. 明暗的差异配合在摄影术上是很重要的。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词: contrastive adj. 对比的; contrastively adv. 对比地; contrasty adj. 明暗差别强烈的 近形词: contract n. 合同, 契约; v. 使缩短, 订约 [常用短语] to contrast sharply with 与……形成鲜明对照; in contrast to/with 和……对比起来 2. concrete n./adj. n.①混凝土 Concrete is used for foundations, whole buildings, sidewalks, etc. 混凝土用于打地基、建造整座楼、修筑人行道等等。 ②具体物 He has no idea of poverty in the concrete. 他并不具体了解贫困是怎么一回事。 adj. 明确的, 具体的 The lawyer had concrete evidence of his client's innocence. 那位律师有证明他的委托人清白无辜的真凭实据。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词: concretely adv. 具体地; concretion n. 凝固, 具体化; concretize v. 使具体化, 使有形化; concretist n. 具体主义者; concretive adj. 有凝结力的, 有凝结性的 [常用短语] to be more concrete 说得更具体点 3. convince vt. ①使相信, 使确信 I m absolutely convinced that the plan would work. 我绝对相信这个计划是可行的。 ②使认识错误(或行为) I couldn't convince him of his mistake. 我无法使他认识错误。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词: convinced adj. 确信的, 深信的; convincible adj. 可说服的, 可使信服的; convincing adj. 令人信服的, 有力的, 令人心悦诚服的; convincingly adv. 信服地, 有说服力地 形近词: convive n. 共桌用餐的人; convivial adj. 欢宴的, 欢乐的 [常用短语] convince of 使……相信 4. isolate v. 使隔离, 使孤立 The patients should be isolated from the rest- 这些病人应该与其他人隔离开来。 They did everything they could to isolate the enemies. 他们用尽各种办法把敌人孤立起来。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词: isolated adj. 隔离的, 孤立的; isolation n. 隔绝, 孤立, 隔离, 绝缘 [常用短语] isolate … from 与……隔绝 5.breed v. ①引起, 造成 War breeds misery and ruin. 战争造成苦难与灾害。 ②教养, 培养 They were young men bred in the most cultivated society. 他们是从最有教养的社会里培养出来的人。 ③(动物)生产, 孕育 Birds breed in the spring. 乌类在春季繁殖。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词: breeder n.(动物)饲养者, 种畜; breeding n.饲养, 教养 形近词: breeze n. 微风, 煤屑, 焦炭渣, 轻而易举的事, 小风波 vi. 吹微风, 逃走 [常用短语] breed in and in v. 同种繁殖; breed out and out v. 异种繁殖 6. compromise n. 折衷办法，妥协方案，妥协，和解 [常用短语] agree to / reach a compromise 达成和解 7. preference n. 偏爱 [记忆技巧]同源派生词: prefer vt. 更喜欢，宁愿; preferable adj. 更喜欢的，更合意的 [常用短语] have a preference for … 特别喜欢…… 8. sensitivity n. 敏感，灵敏度 [记忆技巧]同源派生词: sense n. 感官，感觉; senseless a. 无知觉的，无感觉的; sensation n. 感觉，知觉; sensational a. 感觉的，轰动的; sensible a. 感觉的得到，可觉察的; sensibility n. 感觉（力），敏感性，感受性; sensitive a. 敏感的，容易感受的; sensitize v. 使敏感，变敏感; sensitometer n. 感光计，曝光表 9. lean v./adj. v.①倚, 靠 He stood leaning against the sofa. 他倚着沙发站着。 ②倾斜, 屈身 The tree was leaning toward the south. 那棵树向南倾斜。 He leaned forward to hear what she said. 他探过身去昕她说话。 adj.①瘦的 He was a tall lean youth. 他是个瘦削的高个子青年。 ②收益差的; 贫瘠的 a lean year 歉收年 lean soil 贫瘠土壤 [记忆技巧]同源派生词: leaning n. 倾斜, 倾向 形近词: leak v. 漏, 渗; leap v. 跳, 跃 [常用短语] lean against 靠着, 倚着; lean on/upon 靠着, 依赖; lean over backwards 走另一极端 10.chew v. ①咀嚼, 嚼咽 Chew your food well before you swallow it. 细嚼慢咽。 ②细想, 深思 Just chew those facts over, and let me know your opinion. 你把这些证据细想一下, 然后将意见告诉我。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词: chewy adj.(食物)耐嚼的, 不易嚼碎的 [常用短语] chew on/upon/over 考虑; chew up 嚼碎, 毁坏，消耗 C、词组用法 1. in opposition to 与……相反, 反对 与这个短语相似的表达还有 be opposed to His views are in opposition to mine. 他的意见与我的相反。 We are firmly opposed to the practice of power politics between nations. 我们坚决反对在国与国之间实行强权政治。 2. head out 出发, 启程 I must get there before dark. I'm going to head out. 天黑前我一定要到那儿, 我要出发了。 The train left the station and headed out to Beijing. 火车离开车站向北京方向开去。 3. belong to [无被动式] 属于, 为……(组织)的一员 They belong to a younger generation. 他们属于年轻的一代。 He belongs to the tennis club. 他是网球俱乐部的成员。 4. in that 因为, 在于 In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为生病, 他觉得不可能做这件事。 He differs from us in that he dislikes most games. 他与我们不同的地方在于大部分娱乐他都不喜欢。 5. turn to ①求助于, 依靠 Don't hesitate to turn to us if you are in difficulty. 你要是有困难, 尽管来找我们好了。 ②翻到 Please turn to page twelve. 请翻到第 12 页。 ③(把注意力等)转到 Now let us turn to another aspect of the problem. 现在我们再谈这问题的另一个方面。 ④变成 When water freezes, it turns to ice. 当水冻结时就变成冰。 6. come to an end 结束, 告终 与这个短语相似的表达还有 draw to a close It wasn't until the program came to an end that he turned off the radio. 直到节目结束, 他才关了收音机。 Our conference is drawing to a close. 我们会议就要结束了。 7. leave behind 丢下, 忘带; 遗留; 把……丢在后面 The conductor reminded the passengers not to leave their luggage behind when they got off the trains. 列车员提醒旅客们下火车时别把自己的行李忘在车上。 Lei Feng left an undying example behind- 雷锋同志留下了一个不朽的榜样。 The best runner was rapidly leaving the others behind. 那位跑得最快的运动员迅速地把其他运动员甩在后面。 8. take to 喜欢上; 从事; 养成……习惯 The public didn't take kindly to that novel. 公众对这本小说不太喜欢。 When he learned of the usefulness of foreign languages, he took to studying English with great zeal. 当他知道了外语的用处后, 就开始以巨大的热情学习英语。 He took to collecting stamps in his spare time. 他养成了在业余时间集邮的习惯。 D、疑难词语辨析 1. contrast (v.) 和 compare(v.) 这两个词都有"比较, 对比"的含义。 contrast 意味着考察两个事物相异之处, 对比的色彩较浓; 或把两个事物放在一起使差异突出、明显。 compare 常与介词 to 或 with 连用, 但意思有区别。compare to 常用于抽象的比较, 总是意味着两者(或两者以上)有相似之处; compare with 用于具体的比较, 是衡量优劣的意思。但现在也可以用 compare to 代替 compare with 的含义。 They often contrasted the living conditions in peace and in war. 他们常常拿和平时期的生活条件和战争年代相比。 People often compare teachers to gardeners. 人们常把教师比作园丁。 Compared with Asia and Africa, Oceania is the smallest. 与亚洲、非洲相比, 大洋洲是最小的洲。 2. advantage (n.), benefit (n.) 和 profit (n.) 这组词都有"利益, 好处"之意。 advantage 主要指优越的条件或胜过他人的地位, 而获得到的"利益, 好处, 优势"等。advantage 还可以与其他词一起构成惯用语, 如 :have/gain/win an advantage over(占/赢得优势), take advantage of sth.(利用)等。 benefit 侧重指一个人得到物质方面或精神方面的好处, 也指恩惠。比advantage 有更为直接和实际的"利益"。 profit 侧重指金钱上"获利、赢利"。有时也指一般的"利益、好处"等。 A good knowledge of a foreign language is a great advantage in doing research work. 精通一种外国语对于研究工作是一个很大的优越条件。 He does morning exercises for the benefit of his health. 他为对健康有利而做早操。 The Times has a clear profit of 1000 dollars a day on advertisements alone. 泰晤士报仅在广告方面一天就有 1000 美元的纯利。 3. whereas(conj.), while (conj.) 和 but (conj.) whereas 意为 然而, 却", 表示对比。 while 意为"当……的时候; 虽然, 尽管; 然而", 表示对比时, 一般可以与whereas通用。but 意为"可是, 但是", 表示转折, 语气较强。 He can speak English whereas (while) his brother can speak French. 他会说英语, 而他的兄弟会说法语。 While the work was difficult, it was very interesting. 虽然这工作困难, 却很有意思。 Life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people. 生命是有限的, 但为人民服务是无限的。 E、课文内容提要 When city people are asked where they prefer to live, going back to nature or staying in the city, the advantages and disadvantages of living in the county have long been a subject of discussion among many of them. Some would like to go back to nature because they feel city life is dirty and noisy, impersonal and isolated, and they think in the country they can enjoy a peaceful and quiet life. The fresh air, the open spaces, the friendly people and gentle peace of living are all that they dream of. However, they would hesitate if they are asked to make their real decision. They would find country life dull, hard and inconvenient. They can not live without any excitement, especially joys of night life in the city. F、课文章点难点详解 1. It has been suggested that the superficial differences between the two-wide-open spaces contrasting with brick and concrete —— are less important than the contrasting attitudes towards town and country. (paragraph 1, line 2) 有人认为两者间的表面差别——开阔的空间与砖石水泥对照下形成的差别——并没有在对待城乡态度上的差别那么重要。 ①It has been suggested that ... 人们认为…… suggest 表示"认为, 指出, 暗示, 表明"时, 其后的从句不必用虚拟语气。 I’d like to suggest that it was put in the wrong place. 我想指出, 它放的位置不对。 Her expression suggested that she was angry. 她的表情说明她在生气。 ②superficial 表面的, 肤浅的 superficial differences 表面差别 She only had a superficial wound on her hand. 她只是手上有点表面外伤。 They have only a superficial knowledge of the subject. 他们对那门学科的知识很肤浅。 ③concrete 混凝土 reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 2. I am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we would prefer to live in the country away from the dirt and noise of a large city.(paragraph 2, line 1) 许多城里人总是说, 如果让我们选择, 我们宁愿住在远离大都市的乡村, 那里没有污秽与喧嚣, 我就是这些人中的一个。 ① ... are always saying... 有时某些频度副词与现在进行时连用时, 可用来代替一般现在时, 表示一个经常性动作或状态, 这时是为了表示一种赞叹或厌烦等感情。例如: He is always thinking of the revolutionary work. 他总是想着革命工作。(表示赞许) He is constantly leaving things 'about. 他老是把东西到处乱扔。(表示不满) ② given the choice ... 该过去分词短语相当于 if we were given the choice ... 。过去分词短语作状语表示原因时, 间或也可表示一个假设的情况, 相当于一个条件状语从句。例如: Given better attention, the cabbages could have grown better. (=If they had been given ...) 如果管理得好一些, 这些大白菜还可以长得好一点。 ③ prefer to (do): 宁愿……不愿…… 3. I have managed to convince myself that if it weren't for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. (paragraph 2, the last 3 lines) 我已设法使自己确信, 要不是因为工作关系, 我会立即奔向那广阔的空间, 回归自然, 生活在深藏于原野的某个寂静的村庄。 ①manage to do 指设法做到(成功的事), 含有 succeed in doing sth. 的意思。 By helping each other they managed to overcome the difficulties. 通过互相帮助, 他们终于克服了困难。 ②if it were not: 虚拟语气, 意为"要不是……"。 If it weren't for their support, we would be in a very difficult position. 要不是有他们的支持, 我们的处境会很困难。 ③head out: 出发, 启程 4. But how realistic is this dream? 但是，这个梦想又有多少现实性呢。 5. Children become aggressive and nervous —— cooped up at home all day, with nowhere to play; their mothers feel isolated from the rest of the world. 儿童整天禁锢在家中，没地方可玩，会变得暴躁好斗，神经紧张；他们的母亲则会感到自己与外界隔绝。 coop up 禁闭, 禁锢 6. … nowadays people on the same floor in tower blocks don't even say hello to each other (paragraph3, lim7) ……现在，住在同一楼层的人甚至彼此间连招呼也不打。 Say hello / hi to(sb.): 向……问好 Say hello/hi to your uncle. 代我问候你叔叔。 Let's drive over there tomorrow afternoon and say hello to him. 明天下午我们去那里问候他吧。 类似结构的词组还有: say yes to (赞同, 支持), say no to (反对, 不支持), say good-bye to (向……告别), say sorry to (向……道歉)等。 7. Country life, on the other hand, differs from this kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community generally binds the inhabitants of small villages together. 另一方面, 乡村生活却不同于这种与世隔绝的生活, 因为一种群体感往往把小村庄的居民紧密联系在一起。 ①in that: because 因为 I prefer his plan to yours, in that I think it is more practical. 我赞成他的计划而不赞成你的计划，因为他的计划更实际。 ②a sense of community 群体感 8. … there is always someone to turn to when they need help. ……他们知道, 一旦需要帮助, 总有人可找。 turn to ①to appeal to for aid 求助于 那位孤儿没有人可以求助。 ②to change into 变成 Water turns to ice at zero. 到零度，水就变成冰。 ③to begin something or doing something different 转向 After he left the university he became a teacher, but he later turned to translation. 大学毕业后他当了老师，但不久他就转向翻译工作。 9. While it is true that you may be among friends in a village, it is also true that you are cut off from the exciting and important events that take place in cities. 在村庄里, 你的确会生活在朋友之中, 但你同时也就被隔绝于发生在城里的那些激动人心的重大的事件之外。 ①while it is true that … in a village 是让步状语从句。 ②cut off: to disconnect 切断，断绝，删除 We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation. 在我们的通话中，电话断线了。 10. … and for anything slightly out of the ordinary you have to go on an expedition to the nearest large town. (paragraph 4, line 8) ……为了买一件稍微不寻常的东西, 你也得长途跋涉去最近的一个大城镇购买。 ①slightly(adv.): 稍微, 有点 The patient is slightly better today. 病人今天稍有好转。 ②out of the ordinary: 不寻常的, 特殊的 Such a long delay is out of the ordinary. 耽搁这么长的时间是少有的。 The performance was nothing out of the ordinary. 演出很平常。 ③go on 的含义较多, 在此句中表示"为……(某一目的)而去"。一般接名词。 It's time I went on a refresher course. I'm getting out of touch with modern techniques. 我近来没接触现代科技, 现在确实是我该到新科技动态学习班去进修的时候了。 go on a trip/a journey 去旅行 go on an embassy 去做大使 11. Some people have found (or rather bought) a compromise between the two, they have expressed their preference … within commuting distance of the large conurbations. 一些人己找到了(或许应该说是买到了)两者之间的折衷办法: 他们表示愿意在能够乘班车来往于两地的情况下, 离开郊区迁居到乡下去过那种"平静的生活"。 ①or rather: more exactly(truly); it would be better to say 更确切地说，倒不如说 He came home very late last night, or rather very early this morning. 他昨天晚上，倒不如说是今天早上，回来得很晚， ②a compromise between the two 两者之间的折衷办法 12. They generally have about as much sensitivity as the plastic flowers they heave behind —— they are polluted … which they force on to the unwilling original inhabitants of the villages. 一般说来, 他们现在具有的敏感程度与他们留在城里的塑料花相差无几——对待变化和进步, 他们受到一些奇怪想法的影响, 他们还把这些奇怪的想法强行灌输给那些并非愿意接受的原有的村民。 ①plastic flower 塑料花；貌似的东西 ②leave behind: to fail to take or bring, esp. by accident 留下，丢下，忘记携带 I think I left my credit card at the restaurant. 我想我把信用卡掉在餐馆了。 ③force on to/onto: to cause sth. to be accepted by (an unwilling person) 强加 They didn’t want the war. It was forced onto them. 他们不想要战争，战争是强加给他们的。 13. What then of my dreams of ... (paragraph 6, line 1) 那么, 我的那些……梦想又将如何呢 ? what of: …… 怎么样?/ 你以为……如何?/ ……有什么要紧? What of him? 他的近况如何? Yes, I wrote it. What of it? 是我写的, 那又怎么样? (或: 那又有优么了不起呢?) 14. I’m keen on the idea, … 我渴望实现这一梦想。 be keen on/about: to be interested in; have a strong liking for 渴望，喜爱，爱好 He is keen on going abroad. 他渴望出国。 15. ... can you see him mixing with all those hearty males down on the farm?(paragraph6, line 4) ……你能指望它会与农庄的那些健壮的雄猫打成一片吗? mix with 意为"与……混合/结合/交往" 。 Oil won't mix with water. 油和水不相溶。 In my job, I mix with all sorts of people. 在工作中, 我和各种各, 样的人交往。 G、课文佳句背诵 1. For centuries town and country have been regarded as being in opposition to each other. 2. The sense of belonging to a community tends to disappear when you live fifteen floors up. 3. People have the advantage of knowing that there is always someone to turn to when they need help. 4. But one of its main advantages is that you are at the center of things, and that life doesn’t come to an end at half-past nine at night. 5. I'm not at all sure that he would take to all that fresh air and exercise in the long grass. H. Summary of the Text When city-dwellers are asked where they prefer to live, some would like to go back to nature because they feel city life is dirty and noisy, impersonal and isolated, and they think in the countryside they can enjoy a peaceful and quiet life. The fresh air, the open spaces, the friendly people and gentle peace of living are all that they dream of. However, they would hesitate if they are asked to make their real decision. They would find country life dull, hard and inconvenient. They can not live without any excitement, especially joys of night life in the city. I. Text-related Information City: The industrial revolution transformed the city. With its concentration of workers and its access to trade, the city was the natural place to locate factories. Villages turned into towns, and towns multiplied in size. In the 20th century the world has become more and more urbanized. Large numbers of people have lift the countryside; in the United States and some countries of Western Europe, more than 75 percent of the population live in urban areas. In spite of the increasing congestion, pollution, and noise, some cities have grown to enormous size. The vast and unplanned growth of many cities has created problems that are .beyond the capacity of the city themselves to handle. In the large US cities, one often finds an inner city of poverty, inhabited by masses of people who are supported by public welfare and who suffer from unemployment, inadequate housing, poor schools, and a general exclusion from the mainstream of American life. Escape from the inner city is difficult because economically and socially it constitutes a different world from the rest of the city and the suburbs. Even for those who might hope to find jobs in the expanding suburbs, migration is difficult because low-income housing is generally lacking there. The freedom afforded the city dwellers has its costs. Laws and police control human behavior in the city, rather than the customs and folkways of rural life. The opportunities for such deviant behavior as crime, alcoholism, and drug abuse are much greater in the city. On the one hand, the city makes available the best of human culture  from restaurants and theaters to museums, art galleries, symphony orchestras, and great universities. On the other hand, it spawns juvenile delinquency, prostitution, rape, murder, muggings, suicides, and mental breakdowns. Urbanization seems to be an inevitable part of modernization. Back to Nature For centuries town and country have been regarded as being in opposition to each other. It has been suggested that the superficial differences between the two ── wide-open spaces contrasting with brick and concrete ── are less important than the contrasting attitudes towards town and country. I am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we would prefer to live in the country away from the dirt and noise of a large city. I have managed to convince myself that if it weren't for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. But how realistic is this dream? Cities can be frightening places. The majority of the population live in massive tower blocks, noisy, dirty and impersonal. The sense of belonging to a community tends to disappear when you live fifteen floors up. All you can see from your window is sky, or other blocks of flats. Children become aggressive and nervous ── cooped up at home all day, with nowhere to play; their mothers feel isolated from the rest of the world, Strangely enough, whereas in the past the inhabitants of one street all knew each other, nowadays people on the same floor in tower blocks don't even say hello to each other.  Country life, on the other hand, differs from this kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community generally binds the inhabitants of small villages together. People have the advantage of knowing that there is always someone to turn to when they need help. But country life has disadvantages too. While it is true that you may be among friends in a village, it is also true that you are cut off from the exciting and important events that take place in cities. There's little possibility of going to a new show or the latest movie. Shopping becomes a major problem, and for anything slightly out of the ordinary you have to go on an expedition to the nearest large town. The city-dweller who leaves for the country is often oppressed by a sense of unbearable stillness and quiet. What, then, is the answer? The country has the advantage of peace and quiet, but suffers from the disadvantage of being cut off; the city breeds neurosis and a feeling of isolation ── constant noise batters the senses. But one of its main advantages is that you are at the centre of things, and that life doesn’t come to an end at half-past nine at night. Some people have found (or rather bought) a compromise between the two; they have expressed their preference for the "quiet life" by leaving the suburbs and moving to villages within commuting distance of the large conurbations. They generally have about as much sensitivity as the plastic flowers they leave behind ── they are polluted with strange ideas about change and improvement which they force on to the unwilling original inhabitants of the villages. What then of my dreams of leaning on a cottage gate, chewing a piece of grass and murmuring "mornin'" to the locals as they pass. I 'm keen on the idea, but you see there's my cat, Toby. I'm not at all sure that he would take to all that fresh air and exercise in the long grass. I mean, can you see him mixing with all those hearty males down on the farm? No, he would rather have the electric imitation-coal fire any evening. New Words opposition n. 1. 相反, 对立 2. 反对，反抗 superficial a. 表面的 contrast v. 比较, 对比 n. 对比, 对照 concrete n. 混凝士 a. 明确的 convince v. 使…信服 , 使相信 impersonal a. 没有人情昧的, 冷漠的 aggressive a. (行为等)过分的, 放肆的 coop v. 将……禁锢(在狭小空间), 监禁 nowhere ad. 无处 isolate v. 使隔离, 使孤立 isolated a. 孤独的, 与世隔绝的 whereas conj. 然而, 但是 nowadays ad. 当今 , 现在 disadvantage n. 不利条件 slight a. 轻微的, 不重要的 slightly ad. 稍微 , 有点 expedition n. (为特定目的而作的)旅行, 远征 city-dweller n. 城市居民 oppress v. 使烦恼, 使难受 unbearable a. 不能忍受的, 忍无可忍的 breed v. 1. 引起, 造成 2. (动物)生产, 孕育 neurosis n. 神经(官能)症, 恐惧症 isolation n. 隔离, 孤立 batter v. 撞击, 连续打击 compromise n. 1. 折中办法, 妥协方案 2. 妥协, 和解 preference n. 偏爱 conurbation n. (连带卫星城镇和市郊的)大都市, 集合城市 sensitivity n. 敏感, 灵敏度 improvement n. 改进, 提高 lean v. 倚, 靠 chew v. 咀嚼 murmur v. 低声说 mornin’ n. (=morning) 早晨, 上午 hearty a. 1. 强健的, 健康的 2. (指感情)诚恳的 imitation-coal n. 仿造煤 , 人造煤 Phrases and Expressions in opposition to 与…相反, 反对 head out 出发、启程 belong to 属于 in that 因为, 在于 turn to 求助于, 依靠 cut off (from) 使……从(分离, 使……从)隔绝 out of the ordinary 不寻常的, 特殊的 go on 为(某一目的)而去 at the centre of 在…中心, 在…中央 come to an end 结束, 告终 leave behind 丢下, 把…丢在后面 be keen on 热衷于……, 对……着迷 take to 喜欢上 , 从事 Proper Name Toby 托比 (人名) J、课文参考译文 回归自然 许多世纪以来, 城市和乡村一直被看作是相互对立的。有人认为两者间的表面差别——开阔的空间与砖石水泥对照下形成的差别——并没有在对待城乡态度上的差别那么重要。 许多城里人总是说, 如果让我们选择, 我们宁愿住在远离大都市的乡村, 那里没有污秽与喧嚣, 我就是这些人中的一个。我已设法使自己确信, 要不是因为工作关系, 我会立即奔向那广阔的空间, 回归自然, 生活在深藏于原野的某个寂静的村庄。但这个梦想是否有现实性呢? 城市可能是令人感到恐惧的地方。大多数居民都住在拥挤的高楼之中, 那里嘈杂、肮脏、缺乏人情味。如果住在案15层以上的高楼，你就有可能会丧失群体归属感。透过窗户，你能看到的一切就是天空或其他公寓楼群。儿童整天禁锢在家中，没地方可玩，会变得暴躁好斗，神经紧张；他们的母亲则会感到自己与外界隔绝。令人感到奇怪的是, 过去住在一条街上的居民都相互认识; 而现在, 住在同一楼层的人甚至彼此间连招呼也不打。 另一方面, 乡村生活却不同于这种与世隔绝的生活, 因为一种群体感往往把小村庄的居民紧密联系在一起。这里的人们有一种优势, 他们知道一旦需要帮助, 总有人可找。但乡村生活也有弊端。在村庄里, 你的确会生活在朋友之中, 但你同时也被隔绝于发生在城里的那些激动人心的重大的事件之外。观看新的演出或刚上映的电影的可能性微乎其微。采购成了大问题, 为了买一件稍微不寻常的东西, 你也得长途跋涉去最近的一个大城镇购买。迁居到乡村的城里人常常会因难以忍受的沉闷和寂静而感到压抑。 那么, 怎么解决这个问题呢? 虽然乡村具有平静安宁的优点, 但却深受与世隔绝的弊端之苦; 城市滋生种种精神恐惧症和孤独感——无休止的噪音严重危害人的感官。但城市的主要优点之一就是你身处活动中心, 而且生活不会一到晚上 9 点半就中止。一些人己找到了(或许应该说是买到了)两者之间的折衷办法: 他们表示愿意在能够乘班车来往于两地的情况下, 离开郊 区，迁居到乡下去过那种"平静的生活"。一般说来, 他们现在具有的敏感程度与他们留在城里的塑料花相差无几——对待变化和进步, 他们受到一些奇怪想法的影响, 他们还把这些奇怪的想法强行灌输给那些并非愿意接受的原有的村民。 然而, 我的那些梦想又将如何呢? 我梦想倚在农舍大门上, 嘴里嚼着棵青草, 向过往的当地居民轻轻地说一声"早上好"。我渴望实现这一梦想。可是你瞧，还有我的猫"托比"哩，我一点也不能肯定它是否喜欢农村的清新空气，是否喜欢在深深的草从中嘻戏玩耍。我的意思是说，你能指望它会与农庄的那些健壮的雄猫打成一片吗? 不会的，它宁愿每天晚上有电子模拟炭火陪伴。 AFTER-READENG TASK Reading Comprehension Exercise 2 Circle the best answer according to the passage. 1. The passage is primarily concerned with _____. A. the necessity to go back to nature B. the sharp contrast between city life and country life C. the different attitudes towards city and country life D. the dream that the author has had for a long time 2. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the passage about the disadvantages of city life? A. It is dangerous. B. It is dirty and noisy. C. It is impersonal and isolated. D. People living in tower blocks seldom communicate with each other. 3. All of the following are the advantages of country life EXCEPT _____. A. fresh air and open space B. a feeling of togethen1ess C. peace and quiet D. easy life and polite manners 4. The passage implies that _____. A. modern city life may have a bad effect on children B. quiet country life seems to be both dull and hard C. city life is lacking in friendship and safety D. more and more people like to move to the country 5. We may conclude from the passage that _____. A. country life is superior to city life B. life in the city has more disadvantages than life in the country C. it is impossible for people to enjoy the advantages of both city life and country life D. both city life and country life have their own advantages and disadvantages Exercise 3 Decide whether the statements are True or False according to the passage. 1. The author seems to be tired of city life and longing for country life. 2. In large modern cities, there seems to be no place for children to play in 3. People in the country are not interested in whatever happens in cities. 4. One of the possible ways of enjoying both city life and country life is to work in the city and live in the country nearby. 5. The author thinks that important and exciting things happen in cities. Exercise 4 Complete the table with the information you’ve got from the passage. Types of life Advantages Disadvantages   City life 1. You are at the _________ of things. 2. Life lasts until _________________ _______________________________ 1. D_____, n_____ and I_____. 2. The sense of __________ disappears.   Country life 1. You have a sense of _____________ _____________________________. 2. You enjoy a ________________ life. 1. Being cut off from ______________. 2. Little possibility of ______________. 3. ________ becomes a major problem.   Vocabulary and Structure Exercise 5 Choose the definition from Column B that best matches the word in Column A A B 1.contrast a. a bit 2.concrete b. break up food with the teeth 3. convince c. (cause to)produce 4. isolated d. cause to feel certain 5. inhabitant e. show a difference when compared 6. disadvantage f. hard, grey material for building 7. slightly g. cut off from everything or everyone else 8. breed h .the unfavourable condition 9. lean i. rest oneself in a sloping position 10. chew j. a person who lives in a place   Exercise 6 Fill in the blanks with the given words, Change the form where necessary. lean slight isolate convince improvement breed nervous contrast compromise superficial   1. Any improvement is welcome, no matter how _____ it is. 2. His actions _____ sharply with his promises or principles. 3. She _____ against the wall as she was too tired to walk on. 4. Luckily, she was unhurt in the car accident except for a few _____ cuts 5. Peaceful environment helps economic development whereas war _____ ruin. 6. In a sense, no one lives totally alone, _____ from the society around him or her. 7. I hope we'1l be able to come to a _____ after a head-to-heart talk. 8. After a heated argument we were finally _____ that the state should develop a market economy. 9. I think there is considerable room for _____ in state facilities for treating the mentally handicapped. 10. A _____ person is one who is easily excited or worried, and who shows fear when it is unnecessary to do so. Exercise 7 Complete the sentences with the given expressions. Change the form where necessary. take to lean on cut off leave behind isolate from turn to keen on head out suffer from contrast with   1. Take care not t o _____ anything _____. 2. We always _____ him for help when we are in trouble. 3. I must get there before dark. I'm going to _____ now 4. You must be tired after such a race; please _____ my shoulder. 5. During the flood a great number of villagers _____ lack of shelter. 6 He saw his grandma yesterday for the first time and _____ her at once. 7. We can _____ this story, set in a large modem city, _____ the other one that tells of life on a lonely farm. 8. It surprised the others that she should be so _____ classical literature. 9. In this hospital patients with hepatitis (肝炎) are _____ patients suffering from other diseases by glass walls. 10. A country may be isolated if its own policies _____ it _____ from friendship or close relations with other countries. Exercise 8 Rewrite the sentences using the pattern There + v. EXAMPLES: It is of little possibility of going to a new show or the latest movie. (be) There is little possibility of going to a new show or the latest movie. I think there is a problem here. (seem) There seems to be a problem here. 1. Wars still exist in the world today (exist) ____________________________________________________________ 2. The point about creativity still remains. (remain) ____________________________________________________________ 3. We won’t have anywhere to stay. (seem) ____________________________________________________________ 4. Something must be wrong with the machine. (be) ____________________________________________________________ 5. I have two buttons missing on my jacket. (be) ____________________________________________________________ 6. I think there has been a mistake. (appear) ____________________________________________________________ Exercise 9 There are 10 blanks in the passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best fits into the passage The country and the city each have advantages and disadvantages. People in the country live in more beautiful (l) _____. They enjoy peace and quiet, and can do their work at their own (2) _____ because no one is in a hurry. (3) _____, they live in larger, more comfortable houses, and their neighbours are more friendly, and ready to help them when they need it. (4)_____, their life can be boring, and they may be (5) _____, a long way from the nearest town, which is a serious problem if they are ill or have to take children to school. The city,(6) _____, has all the services the country (7) _____, but it also has a lot of disadvantages.(8) _____, cities are often ugly and polluted (9) _____, they not only have bad air but are also noisy.(10) _____ everyone is always in a hurry, and this means that people have no time to get to know each other and make friends. 1. A. background B. conditions C. surroundings D. space 2. A. pace B. speed C. rate D. movement 3. A. On the one hand B. Apart from that C. In contrast D. In comparison 4. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Thus D. However 5. A. unusual B. separate C. cut D. isolated 6. A. what’s more B. on the other hand C. in other words D. in brief 7. A. has B. needs C. lacks D. enjoys 8. A. For one thing B. In the same way C. In this way D. As a result 9. A. In theory B. For example C. In practice D. On the average 10. A. On the contrary B. On the one hand C. In addition D. In the end Key to the Exercises Text A AFTER-READING TASK Reading Comprehension Exercise 2 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. D Exercise 3 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T Exercise 4 Types of life Advantages Disadvantages  City life 1. You are at the center of things. 2. Life lasts until late at night. 1. Dirty, noisy and impersonal. 2. The sense of belonging to a community disappears.  Country life 1. You have a sense of togetherness. 2. You enjoy a peaceful and quiet life. 1. Being cut off from the exciting and important events taking place in cities. 2. Little possibi1ity of going to a new show or the latest movie. 3. Shopping becomes a major problem.   Vocabulary and Structure Exercise 5 1. e 2. f 3. d 4. g 5. j 6. h 7. a 8. c 9.i 10. b Exercise 6 1. slight 2. contrast 3 .leaned 4. superficial 5. breads 6. isolated 7. compromise 8. convinced 9. improvement 10. nervous Exercise 7 1. leave ...behind 2. turn to 3. head out 4. 1ean on 5. suffered from 6. took to 7. contrast … with 8. keen on 9. isolated from 10. cut ... off Exercise 8 1. There still exist wars in the world today. 2. There still remains the point about creativity. 3. There seems to be nowhere to stay. 4. There must be something wrong with the machine. 5. There are two buttons missing on my jacket. 6. There appears to have been a mistake. Exercise 9 C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C