模拟试题[3]  Simulated Test [PREVIOUS] [NEXT] Part I Structure and Vocabulary Section A Directions： Beneath each of the following sentences,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(5 points) I don′t remember _____ the opportunity to do my scientific research work in Canada. A)having ever given B)having ever been given C)having ever being given D)having ever been giving _____ you made adequate preparations,you might have answered all these questions. A)If B)When C)Unless D)Had By the end of the century personal computers _____ in most families in China. A)will be used B)will have used C)will have been used D)will have been using At the meeting he brought forward a motion that each evening all television broadcasting in China _____ by law. A)be prohibited B)is to be prohibited C)has been prohibited D)should have been prohibited Men differ from wild beasts _____ they have beautiful thoughts and they can express their thoughts in clear and fitting language. A)so that B)but that C)in that D)provided that The young teacher was advised _____ indulge in selfglorification. A)not to B)to not C)do not D)never _____ he disliked that task,he had to manage to accomplish it in time. A)As much B)Much as C)Much though D)Much that It was what you heard _____ what I said. A)other than B)better than C)less than D)rather than Electricity is to the agriculture _____ blood is to the body. A)like B)that C)which D)what One of the fluids flows through the outside pipe,the other through the inside pipe,with heat exchange _____ . A)taken place through the wall B)having taken through the wall C)having been taken through the wall D)taking place through the wall Section B Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D)Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets,(5 points) Whoever (A) turned in the last test (B) did not put (C) their (D) name on the paper. Either the faculty of law or the faculty of education in our university requires (A) that the students must write (B) a thesis in order to graduate (C) with a master′s (D) degree. These animals that they (A) belong to (B) the cat family are (C) quite varied in their (D) size and weight. No other (A) quality is more important for (B) a student to acquire as (C) to study diligently (D) . Some ways to prevent soil erosion (A) are (B) plowing parallel with (C) the slops of hills, to plant (D) tress on unproductive land,and rotating crops. The boy won′t allow (A) his sister to play with (B) his toy because he is afraid if (C) she will forget (D) to bring it back.. The woman in (A) a fur coat was identified as (B) an old and trusted associate (C) of the Prime Minister′s. (D) It is (A) reported that eighty thousands (B) Paris workers were (C) out on strike (D) in1995. His wife did not (A) approve of him to go (B) to the banquet without dressing (C) fomally (D) . She did (A) so well in her performance today that (B) she should have rehearsed (C) it many times this past week (D) . Section C Directions： Beneath each of the following sentences,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points) While I am on holiday,give me a call at my hotel only if there are any _____ messages for me. A)urgent B)hasty C)early D)valuable The shop doesn′t have any blue shirts in _____ at the moment,but they expect to have some tomorrow. A)keep B)stock C)sale D)trade The clerk asked me to _____ my name and adress in capital letters so that they could be read more easily. A)mark B)clear C)print D)describe The false banknote fooled many people,but finally they did not _____ to close examination. A)keep up B)put up C)pay up D)stand up Everybody _____ be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction. A)can ont help B)can not help himself C)can not help but D)can not help himself to A considerable amount of time and money has been invested in _____ this latest videocassette recorder. A)affecting B)effecting C)infecting D)perfecting After careful deliberation the shareholders voted to _____ the suggestion to merge small firms into a large company. A)tramp B)reject C)utter D)yield Although we have made frequent attempts to contact his relatives,we have so far been _____ . A)unsuccessful B)unavailing C)unbending D)undeniable There is no _____ that the new price and antiinflation policy has been in any way disastrous. A)indignation B)indication C)indecision D)induction In some parts of the world the native population has been completely _____ . A)wiped up B)wiped away C)wiped out D)wiped off After liberation all the workers in our country are _____ free medical care. A)entitled to B)involved in C)associated with D)assigned to Would it be possible to make an early _____ to have a tooth pulled tomorrow? A)arrangement B)engagement C)equipment D)appointment We regret to inform you that it is impossible to meet the revised _____ dates for the goods you recently ordered from us. A)delivery B)service C)carriage D)arrival _____ the question of birth control at the next committee meeting. A)bring about ring up C)bring round bring off Some children are not accustomed to _____ their toys with others. A)spreading B)dividing C)sharing D)distributing We would contact your nearest relative _____ any accident occurring. A)on account of B)in the matter of C)at the mercy of D)in the event of He′ll never commit himself.He′ll just _____ until everyone else has given his opinion. A)hide under the table B)wait in the rain C)sleep in the shadow D)sit on the fence When I came through the customs at the airport,I had to pay _____ on a video camera I had bought in Japan. A)taxes B)duty C)fines D)allowance When he applied for a _____ in the offices of the state university he was told to see the president. A)work B)career C)situation D)duty We`ve been sitting here doing nothing about it for days.It′s time we _____ the problem. A)got to grips with B)shook hands with C)got to brass tacks with D)reached the bottom of Part Ⅱ Cloze Test Directions: ????For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points) ????Every week a van pulls out of an ordinarylooking workshop in a rundown Notting ham back street carrying a varied loadslides for playgroups,handmade desks and leisure materials for handicapped children. ????But though the commercial cost of having these made individually would (41) the customers to (42) ,the Beaver workshop′s main aim is much more than simply (43) their needs at cost.The volunteers who spend a 60day stint (限制)doing woodwork and joinery are,first and foremost,there to learn (44) a job. This unique workshop takes men who have been (45) an average of two years and for a variety of reasons.Most have struggled to get a jobany jobin an area of declining industry. ???? (46) have in common,according to Beaver manager John Lowe,a former civil engineer,is a lack of identity_the legacy of long term unemployment. (47) jobs they have done in the past,it′s as though they had never been employed.They lose confidence (48) .It′s easy for the rest of us to say someone should be able to go on and on looking for work but when you have been turned down time after time it reinforces your hopeless view of yourself. ????Most of them who agree (49) in the project have been recommended by probation officers or hostel managers and virtually all of them stick it out.The first assessment of their success rate afterwards suggests that at least 60% have got a job within months of leaving, (50) the fact that those with a prison record feel obliged to tell their prospective employers. 41.A)void B)prevent C)make possible D)make it impossible for 42.A)afford them at all B)afford all them C)pay them at all D)pay all them 43.A)the supplying B)to supply them C)to supply to them D)to supply 44.A)applying to B)applying for C)how to apply D)how to apply for 45.A)out of work for B)out of work since C)outside work for D)at work since 46.A)Which they all B)Which all they C)What they all D)What all they 47.A)No matter how B)No matter what C)No matter which D)No matter when 48.A)for themselves B)by themselves C)in themselves D)on themselves 49.A)to take part B)to take place C)to take heart D)to take confidence 50.A)in spite B)despite C)although D)however Part III Reading Comprehension Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C and D)Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(40 points) Passage 1 ???? The liturgical (礼拜仪式的)chants of the Russian and other Slavic Orthodox(正统的)Churches demonstrate a unique blend of traditions and are quite different from those of many other branches of Eastern Orthodoxy.Although the earliest Sources of Slavic chants were the Byzantine chants brought by missionaries nearly a thousand years ago,the Byzantine originals gradually underwent further development in the Slavic lands.What emerged was a combination of East and Westthe original Byzantine models redefined in Slavic terms,tempered by the Slavic choral tradition,and much influenced by Western European ideas of rhythm and harmony.It is the combination that makes Slav chants so different from those of Greeks,Syrians,and others from areas closer to the Byzantine homeland. ????The chants of the Slav Churches,like those of other Orthodox traditions,are based on sets of eight “tones”melodic patterns of which there are many different types and many different variations.Unlike many other chant forms,however,those of Slavic Orthodoxy are harmonized. ????In addition to chants,the Slav Churches also permit use of freely composed music;the Western influence is even more strongly seen in this area.Many of the religious works of such Slavic composers as Tchaikovsky,Arkhangelsky,Lvov,Bortniansky,Tcheshnokov,Rachmaninov,and even Stravinsky were originally written for use in Russian and other Slavic Orthodox Churches. The point the author of this passage is trying to make is that _____ . A)Slavic church music is performed without accompaniment B)Slavic church music is European in origin,not Byzantine C)Slavic church music is largely unaffected by European influence D)Slavic church music has been influenced by both the East and the West In the opinion of the author,the liturgical chants of the Slavic Orthodox Church are _____ . A)Byzantine chants which have been harmonized B)based on freely composed music written by Tchaikowsky.Arknangelsky,and others C)basically Byzantine chants which were greatly influenced by contact with Western European music nearly 1000 years ago D)a type of Byzantine chant which has been changed through the influence of Slavic and Western European musical traditions Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage you have just read? A)“Charting the Changes in Byzantine Church Chant” B)“Slavic Church Music:A Marriage of East and West” C)“Aspects of Free Composition in the Slavic Tones” D)“The Liturgical Chants of the Russian Orthodox” Which of the following generalizations could be made,based on the information found in the passage? A)Slavic liturgical chants are a result of the variety of factors which influenced Byzantine Church music in the Slavic lands. B)The development of Byzantine chant in the Slavic lands has been recent,sudden,and dramatic C)The works of such composers as Tchailkovsky,Arknangelsky,Lvov,Bortiansky,Tcheshnorov,Rachmaninov,and Stravinsky have been greatly influenced by Byzantine chant. D)Although slavic shant has developed over a preiod of nearly 1000 years,it is not much different now than it was in its earliest forms. To what does those (line 11)refer? A)rhythm and harmony B)Slavic liturgical chants C)Western European ideas D)Greek.Syrian.and other chant forms Passage 2 ????Art is considered by many people to be litte more than a decorative means of giving pleasure. This is not always the case,however;at times,art may be seen to have a purely functional side as well.Such could be said of the sandpaintings of the Navaho Indians of the American Southwest;these have a medicinal as well as an artistic purpose. ????According to Navaho traditions,one who suffers from either a mental or a physical illness has in some way disturbed or come in contact with the supernaturalperhaps a certain animal,a ghost,or the dead.To counteract this evil contact,the ill person or one of his relatives will employ a medicine man called a “singer”to perform a healing ceremony which will attract a powerful supernatural being.During the ceremony,which may last from 2 to 9 days,the “singer”will produce a sandpainting on the floor of the Navaho hogan(泥盖木屋).On the last day of the ceremony,the patient will sit on this sandpainting and the “singer”will rub the ailing parts of the patient′s body with sand from a specific figure in the sandpainting.In this way the patient absorbs the power of that particular supernatural being and becomes strong like it.After the ceremony,the sandpainting is then destoyed and disposed of so its power will not harm anyone. ????The art of sandpainting is handed down from old “singers”to their students.The materials used are easily found in the areas the Navaho inhabit;brown,red,yellow,and white sandstone,which is pulverized by being crushed between 2 stones much as corn is ground into flour.The “singer”holds a small amount of this sand in his hand and lets it flow between his thumb and forefinger onto a clean，flat surface on the floor.With a steady hand and great patience，he is thus able to create designs of stylized people,snakes and other creatures that have power in the Navaho belief system.The traditional Navaho does not allow reproduction of sandpaintings,since he believes the supernatural powers that taught him the craft have forbidden this;however,such reproductions can in fact be purchased today in tourist shops in Arizona and New Mexico.These are done by either Navaho Indians or by other people who wish to preserve this craft. The purpose of a healing ceremony is _____ . A)to please supernatural powers B)to attact supernatural powers C)to frighten supernatural powers D)to create a sandpainting The “singer”rubs sand on the patient because _____ . A)the patient receives strength from the sand B)it has medical value C)it decorates the patient D)none of the above What is used to produce a sandpainting? A)paint B)beach sand C)crushed sandstone D)flour “This”in line 2 refers to _____ . A)art B)giving pleasure C)the feeling that art is more than a decorative means of giving pleasure D)the feeling that art is only a decorative means of giving pleasure The writer probably feels that most art today _____ . A)is purely decorative B)is purely functional C)is both decorative and functional D)is useless Passage 3 ????It is interesting to reflect for a moment upon the differences in the areas of moral feeling and standards in the peoples of Japan and the United States.Americans divide these areas somewhat rigidly into spirit and flesh,the two being in opposition in the life of a human being.Ideally spirit should prevail but all too often it is the flesh that does prevail.The Japanese make no such division,at least between one as good and the other as evil.They believe that a person has two souls,each necessary.One is the “gentle”soul,the other is the “rough”soul.Sometimes the person uses his gentle soul,sometimes he must use his rough soul.He does ont favor his gentle soul,neither does he fight his rough soul.Human nature in itself is good,Japanese philosophers insist,and a human being does not need to fight any part of himself.He has only to learn how to use each soul properly at the appropriate times.Virtue for the Japanese consists in fulfilling one′s obligations to others.Happy endings,either in life or in fiction,are neither necessary nor expected,since the fulfillment of duty provides the satisfying end,whatever the tragedy it inflicts.And duty includes a person′s obligations to those who have conferred benefits upon him and to himself as an individual of honor.He develops through this double sense of duty a selfdiscipline which is at once permissive and rigid,depending upon the area in which it is functioning. ????The process of acquiring this selfdiscipline begins in chindhood.Indeed,one may say it begins at birth…early is the Japanese child given his own identity!If I were to define in a word the attitude of the Japanese toward their childrdn I would put it in one succinct(简明的) word_“respect.”Love? Yes,abundance of love,warmly expressed from the moment he is put to his mother′s breast.For mother and child this nursing of her child is important psychologically. ????Rewards［are ］frequent,a bit of candy bestowed(给与) at the right moment,an inexpensive toy… As the time［comes］…to enter school,however,discipline be ［comes］firmer…To bring shame to the family is the greatest shame for the child…. ????What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of selfdiscipline? It lies,I think,in the fact that the aim of all teaching is the establishment of habit.Rules are repeated over and over,and continually practiced until obedience becomes instinctive.This repetition is enhanced by the expectation of the elders.They expect a child to obey and to learn through obedience.The demand is gentle at first and tempered to the child′s tender age.It is no less gentle as time goes on,but certainly it is increasingly inexorable. ????Now ,far away from that warm Japanese home,I reflect upon what I learned there.What,I wonder,will take the place of the web of love and discipline which for so many centuries has surrounded the life and thinking of the people of Japan?… According to Japanese belief a child is born _____ . A)in sin B)amoral,neither good nor evil C)with two souls which are in combat with one another D)basically good Training of the Japanese child can best be described as _____ . A)a system of rewards and punishments B)frequent disciplining which becomes inexorably more severe as the child grows older C)benevolent and indulgent during the early years,but somewhat more sevre as the child grows older D)almost entirely psychological In the teaching of selfdiscipline the Japanese emphasize _____ . A)duty to one′s family and relations B)early toilet training combined with restrictive movement C)heavy external control including both verbal and physical punishment D)a permissive atmosphere almost until puberty The Japanese idea of virtue is _____ . A)sublimating the “rough”soul to permit ascendency of the “gentle”soul B)fulfilling one′s obligation to others C)doing good and avoiding evil D)being friendly and courteous to all people To the Japanese,the aim of existence is _____ . A)the pursuit of happiness B)reward in the afterlife C)a happy ending to one′s activities D)fulfilling one′s duty Passage 4 ????Some of the most basic comcepts of psychololgy were defined by Sigmund Freud and two of his followers,Alfred Adler and Carl Gustav Jung. ????Sigmund Freud,an Austriian neurologist(神经病学家),was the founder of psychoanalysis and,some would say,of modrn psychololgy itself.The main hypothesis of Freud′s theory is that human behavior is determined primarily by unconscious motives. These unconscious motives can be discovered through the use of free association,that is,through talking out problems with the patient. ????Freud′s theory of personality involved three broad areas of investigation into human behavior:structural,dynamic,and developmental.Structurally,Freud divided the human personality into id,ego,and superego.The id is the completely unconscicous part of self.It is the repository(资源)of one′s instinctual needs and drives.Freud posited that it consisted of everything psychological that was inherited. ????The ego is the rational aspect of the personality.It governs the impulsive needs created by the id and decides which needs can and will be satisfied according to the conditions of the environment. ????The superego is the conscience,the ethical(伦理的) or moral aspect of personality.It is formed by the traditional values and ideals of the society or culture in which a person is born.The superego strives for the ideal. The “conscience” part provides guilt feelings when moral values are violated.The “egoideal” part provides feelings of pride when the self acts in consonance with tradtional values of the group. ????Freud′s dynamic concepts involved instict,libido,and anxiety.Generally,we term behavior as instinctive if it occurs without any apparent opportunity of its having been learned.Freud′s “instinct” differed in that it refers to an inborn bodily condition represented by “wish”and “need.”Libido is descriptive of one′s emotional or psychic energy.This energy enables life “instincts”to perform their work and is derived from primitive biological urgesfor example,the sex drive. Thus,the libido is usually goal directed.Anxiety,in psychological terms,is an uncontrollable state of fear often unrelated to a specific object or event. ????Freud′s developmental concepts included identification,displacement,defense mechanisms,and psychosexual stages. Identification labels the behavior of an individual who imitates another person or group(movie star,gangster,etc.).Displacement occurs when the instinct is blocked and the frustrated energy is then diverted to substitute objects.Defense mechanisms(repression,projection,and reaction)describe behavior reacting to relieve extreme pressure and to defend the ego.Psychosexual stages refer to the five set stages of an individual,from birth through adolescence: oral (breastsucking babyhood),anal (toilettraining period),phallic(36years′development of sexual feelings),latancy (intermediate stage between phallic and beginning of puberty(青春期),and genital(formation of genuine relationships and the end of narcissism(自我陶醉)). ????Freud′s two disciples broke with the master largely over the centrality of sex in Freud′s theorizng.Alfred Adler maintained that man was more a social being than a sexual one，and that individuals are primarily motivated by social interests.Carl Jung also differed from Freud on what determines the motivation for human behavior.He stressed goal direction beyond childhood,as well as the influence of the ancestral past in such things as magic,power,and hero worship. Freud′s concepts included a: A)denial of instinctive behavior in animals and humans. B)belief that religion properly modled the consience so that the id could be controlled. C)belief that human behavior can be explained primarily by the unconscious motives of individuals D)belief that human behabior is completely controlled by the "conscience"part. Jung and Adler differed most with Freud over: A)what primarily motivates human behavior. B)whether dreams can interpret human behavior. C)how hypnosis is used in psychoanalysis. D)what medicine can cure neurosis. According to Freud′s concepts,which aspect would MOST be looked upon as the “chief executive” or administratorincharge of the total personality,the rational and aware self? A)Id B)Ego C)Superego D)None of the above,since human behavior can be explained only as an admixture of circumstance of all levels of personality structure. According to Freud′s developmental concepts at which stage of development is the individual LEAST likely to think of himself exclusively and outgrow what Freud calls"narcissistic behavior"? A)Oral B)Anal C)Phallic D)Genital If a worker fearful of talking back to an employer comes home and yells at a family member,we have an example of Freudian: A)identification B)displacement C)projection D)repression Part Ⅳ EnglishChinese Translation Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points) ????(71) Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers,whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. People think a great deal of them,so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cicies of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier.And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other contries and ruled over them as conquerors. ????(72) Animals fight;so do savages;hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good,but it is not to be civilized. Fighting means killing,and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side,and then saying that that side shich has killed most has won. ????That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like.Even our own age has fought the two geratest wars in history,in which millions of people were killed or mutilated.(73) And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets——while,that is to say ,we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life——nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet,and still behave like savages. ????But we must not expect too much.After all,the race of men has only just started.(74) Scientists reckon that there has been life of some sort on the earth in the form of jellyfish and that kind of creature for about twelve hundred million years;but there have been men for only one million years,and there have been civlized men for about eight thousand years at the outside. These figures are difficult to grasp;so let us scale them down.Suppose that we reckon the whole past of living creatures on the earth as one hundred years;then the whole past of man works out at about one month,and during that month there have been civilizations for between seven and eight hours.So you see there has been little time to learn in,but there will be coeans of time in which to learn better.(75) Taking man′s civilized past at about seven or eight hours,we may estimate his future,that is to say,the whole period between now and when the sun grows too cold to maintain life any longer on the earth,at about one hundred thousand years. Thus mankind is only at the begining of its civilized life,and as I say,we must not expect too much.The past of man has been on the whole a pretty beastly business,a business of fighting and bullying and gorging and grabbing and burting.We must not expect even civilized peoples not to have done these things.All we can ask is that they will sometimes have done something else. Part V Writing (15 points) Directions: ???? A:Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words. ???? B:Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. ???? C:Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below: ???? 1.Interpret the following pictures. ???? 2.Predict the tendency of the development of work force in the near future and give your reasons.  研究生入学考试模拟英语试题[3] Part I Structure and Vocabulary Section A(1-10) BDCACABDDD Section B(11-20) 正 确 答 案 为：D 改 为:his 正 确 答 案 为：B 改 为:(should) write 正 确 答 案 为：A 改 为:去掉they 正 确 答 案 为：C 改 为:than 正 确 答 案 为：D 改 为:planting 正 确 答 案 为：C 改 为:that 正 确 答 案 为：D 改 为:the Prime Minister 正 确 答 案 为：B 改 为:eighty thousand 正 确 答 案 为：B 改 为:his going 正 确 答 案 为：C 改 为:must have rechearsed Section C(21-40) ABCDCDBABCADABCDDBCA Part II Cloze Test(41-50) DADDACBCAB Part III Reading Comprehension(51-70) DDBADBACDBDCABDCABDB Part IV EnglishChinese Translation 经常且异常光荣地出现在历史书上的多数人物是伟大的征服者、将军和士兵，然而真正有助于推进文明的人通常是提及不到的。 动物彼此相斗，原始时代未开化的人也是这样，因此善于争斗就是善于做动物或者原始时代人所善于做的事情，但这不是文明或开化的表现。 尽管确实今天人们不在大街上互相争斗、厮杀，也就是说我们在日常生活中已经开始走上了遵守制度，彼此举止适度的阶段，但是许多民族和国家还没有学会这些，他们的举止和行动仍和原始未开化的人一样。 科学家推断，地球上有某种生命以水母方式生存了大约12亿年，但人类历史仅仅100万年，文明的人类充其量大约8 000年左右。 如果我们设想人类文明的过去经历仅仅大约7—8个小时，我们可以估算出他们的未来，那就是说能估计出从今天到未来某天之间的整个时期，大约10万年，到那时太阳变得太冷了以致再不能维持地球上的生命。