全国硕士研究生考研英语测试题库：模拟试题[10]

模拟试题[10]
Simulated Test [PREVIOUS] [NEXT] Part I Structure and VocabularySection ADirections： Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(5 points) It is when he views it from a mountain peak _____ the stranger can see the extent of the forest.A)when B)where C)that D)which The oldest lens _____ was found in the ruins of Nineveh.A)known B)being known C)to be known D)to have been known But for some passing shower our boating trip _____ .A)would be perfect B)would have been perfectC)had been perfect D)have been perfect The students attended a class entitled “Contemporary Issues” _____ they discussed social,political and economic problems.A)in that B)in what C)in which D)in it _____ through a telescope, the most prominent features of the Martian surface are the white polar caps.A)Seeing B)When seeing C)Seen D)Having seen If we allow our imagination _____ by known research,our prophecies need not be sheer fantasy.A)guided B)be guided C)to be guided D)being guided _____ there can be little distinction of age,and certainly none of class.A)In too a small company B)In very a small companyC)In such small a company D)In so small a company The possibility of children′s _____ the exhibits must be taken into account.A)damage B)damaging C)to damage D)damaged The government has issued laws preventing agricultural land _____ to industries.A)to sell B)to be sold C)from selling D)being sold Many of the world′s great novels are reported _____ into films last year.A)being made B)having been madeC)to be made D)to have been made Section BDirections: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D)Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (5 points) Out of (A) anger,some crazy fans even wrote threatening (B) letters and mailed daggers to the team while (C) the coaches were blamed with (D) the failures. In this country the (A) law forbids citizens carrying (B) pistols or rifles without first having obtained (C) a special permit. (D) In Britain,many factory workers nowadays (A) have bank accounts (B) and are paid by cheque,thus make (C) it unnecessary for firms to handle large amounts (D) of cash. The breakup (A) of the Soviet Union changed the face of world sport as well as (B) altered (C) the political profile (D) of the globe. The extensive research done (A) by social scientists have given (B) us a much (C) wider understanding of the complex (D) modern world. This book attempts (A) to focus in (B) so far as the available (C) materials permit it in (D) these aspects of the analysis of social problems. Television networks in the United States have been criticized (A) for not offering (B) much (C) imaginative (D) programs for children. Such ways of producing static electricity that (A) will be described later (B) in this chapter are (C) widely used in physics laboratories. (D) Merchandisers spare not effort (A) to boast about (B) their products to the public through (C) all the media available. (D) The Irish contribution (A) to English literature has been proportionately (B) greater than any other (C) English speaking nation. (D) Section CDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points) The centre _____ great importance to artistic and creative value when selecting films.A)places B)attaches C)attains D)attributes Foreign�瞭rained doctors say their employment _____ have already dimmed.A)prosperities B)protectionsC)promotions D)prospects So I think that even though there are new laws pertaining to advertising,the power to _____ them should be further strenthened.A)implement B)imply C)impress D)impulse That the houses are being put up for sale is _____ the economic situation.A)independent on B)indicative of C)indispensible for D)index to In the north,houses are more _____ so that they can be more easily kept warm in winter.A)compact B)complex C)comfortable D)concrete The machine has also _____ the building and development of irrigation system.A)constructed B)fabricated C)facinated D)facilitated Eye contact is important because insufficient or _____ eye contact may create communication barriers.A)extensive B)exclusive C)excessive D)extreme In the United States there is a belief that people are _____ for working,producing,and achieving.A)awarded B)rewardedC)granted D)required No one could _____ Charles and he won the race.A)overturn B)overthrow C)overtake D)overlook President De Gaulle,angered by US _____ of the alliance,withdrew France from Nato′s military command in 1966.A)domination B)conquest C)interferenceD)direction The table was very large and heavy;in fact it was so _____ that it could not be moved.A)extravagant B)massive C)excessive D)expansive This contract cannot be _____ for three years.A)violated B)verified C)terminated D)subscribed Through the Department of Labor,government has defined a minimum amount of income necessary for basic _____ of a family of three.A)supplement B)management C)payment D)maintenance Competition protects the freedom of the individual by _____ that there is no monopoly of power.A)enduring B)securing C)ensuring D)rescuing In 1932,at the bottom of the _____ ,banks were failing at the rate of forty a day.A)depression B)deposition C)suppression D)deformation Increasingly,government is _____ to regulate and guide the economy in its continued growth.A)incorporating B)inspecting C)interacting D)intervening In other households,the mother may work to _____ the father′s income so the family can enjoy a higher standard of living.A)supplement B)supply C)provide D)add Ideally,Mother and Father have an equal _____ in decision�瞞aking.A)tone B)voice C)sound D)noise Taxes collected by local districts and states _____ about 93 percent of the revenue.A)provide for B)bring about C)make up D)consist of The figures show in unmistakable term the _____ of the American economy.A)breakaway B)breakout C)breakover D)breakdown Part Ⅱ Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points)????Let us consider what science and technology have to contribute to the food problem.The simplest way to increase food production,one might suppose,is to bring more land (41) cultivation and put more people to work (42) it.The U.S.S.R.and some of the underdeveloped countries have (43) this straightforward approach,without notable success.It contains several fallacies.For one thing,it usually means moving into marginal lands where the soil and climatic (44) give a poor return.Cultivation may quickly deplete this soil,ruining it for pasture of forest growth.It is often possible,of course,to turn such lands into useful farms by agricultural (45) ;for instance,a sophisticated knowledge of how to use the (46) water through an irrigation system may (47) semi�瞐rid grasslands for crop�瞘rowing.But the (48) of marginal lands is in any case unsuccessful unless it is carried out by farmers with a centuries�瞣ld tradition of experience or by modern experts with a detailed knowledge of the local conditions and the (49) of crops that are suitable for those conditions.Such knowledge is conspicuously absent in the (50) countries. A)into B)under C)to D)from A)for B)with C)on D)by A)resorted toB)responded to C)restored to D)relieved of A)environment B)stateC)circumstances D)conditions A)know�瞐llB)know�瞙owC)know�瞚t�瞐llD)know�瞡othing A)availableB)distilledC)drinkingD)discharged A)replaceB)recoverC)remedyD)reclaim A)consumptionB)cultivationC)constructionD)conservation A)varietiesB)variousC)variableD)variation A)developedB)underdevelopedC)undergrownD)underpopulated Part Ⅲ Reading comprehensionDirections: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C, and D)Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(40 points) Passage 1 ????Prison life will never be quite the same again for women criminals in Scotland.????The air in their new prison at Cornton Vale,near Sterling,hangs heavy with the perfume of lavender.There are no bars on the windows—just a metal grill.????Prisoners live on a ‘family’basis with their officers,in small units of seven rooms.There is a kitchen where they cook their own meals,and a lounge(起居室)with fitted carpet and armchairs.????The ‘wakey,wakey’call by loudspeaker at 7 a.m. is followed by a morning music programme featuring the prisoners′ favourites.????Prison authorities and staff dismiss suggestions,however,that Cornton Vale has the atmosphere of a holiday camp.‘This establishment will not be by any means a soft option,’Mr Jack Scrimgeour,director of the Scottish Prison Service,said.‘Inmates,particularly those with long sentences,will be encouraged to be self�瞨eliant and take responsibility for themselves and others.This is in many ways much more demanding than simply serving time.’????Cornton Vale is the first purpose�瞓uilt penal establishment wholly for women to be opened in Scotland.????The 220 prisoners at Cornton Vale have single rooms,there is a medical centre and extensive playing fields.The windows look out over close�瞔ropped lawns and a goldfish pond,with a view of the Ochil Hills.Visiting�瞕ay is conducted over a cup of coffee served by the WRVS(Women′s Royal Voluntary Service皇家妇女志愿服务队).????During the day,most of the prisoners will be employed in three well�瞝it,cheerfully�瞕ecorated workshops,making soft toys or clothing.Their earnings——up to 90p a week—can be spent in the prison shop,in the canteen,or on a 3p hairdo.????The gymnasium,which also acts as a cinema and concert hall,has facilities for table tennis,badminton,keep�瞗it classes,and dancing.????‘We try to preserve human dignity as much as possible,by imagining ourselves in the prisoner′s position,’Mrs Agnes Curran,deputy governor,said. Is Cornton Vale easy to escape from,according to the article?A)The article doesn′t make it clear.B)Yes.C)No,very difficult.D)No,almost impossible. What makes Cornton Vale different from most prisons?A)the standard of accommodationB)the attitude of the staffC)both of these thingsD)the fact that prisoners are allowed to work What seems to be the purpose of this prison,according to the article?A)to help prisoners get through long sentencesB)to make prisoners more demandingC)to give them a pleasant way of serving timeD)to help them become responsible and independent Agnes Curran seems to suggest that if you imagine yourself in the prisoner′s position _____ .A)you won′t be tempted to commit crimesB)you can preserve your dignityC)you are more likely to treat prisoners as human beingsD)you will feel happier Passage 2 ????Sometimes I wish that Tom Jefferson were here to talk things over.I think he′d know what is on my mind.????Tom lived in a time of trouble,just as we do.He knew war and the threat of war,and that unquiet sense of a nameless dread in the air.He knew what it means to go to bed at night never knowing of the things you care about will still be there in the morning.????And yet,if I read my book right,nobody ever saw Tom worried.Nobody saw him scared.Nobody saw Tom anything but cheerful about the way things were going to turn out.????I think of those uneasy years when Tom and other men of the Colonies were wrestling with an appalling decision:whether the people of this country were ready to stand on their own feet.We know now how right their answer was—but what made Tom so sure,back then?????I think of Tom as our first Secretary of State,easy and confident that his new little republic could hold its own in the world.How did he know,back then?????And I think of Tom in the White House,facing problems day and night that could mean disaster for a young country,and never doubting the outcome at all.????I think I know why Tom was sure.????Tom had a feeling about the people of this country.He felt that God put good stuff in them,and that freedom brought it out.He never doubted for a minute that in the plain,everyday,self�瞨especting,unbossed men and women of America there would always be strength enough ,and wisdom enough,and courage enough to handle anything fate might deal out.????And Tom meant me.And he meant you.????That′s why,sometimes,I wish that Thomas Jefferson might come striding back today,with his big farmer′s shoulders and those mild grey eyes of his —back to the America that was once just an idea in his head,and to the people he believed in though they hadn′t yet been born.????I′d like Tom to see that he wasn′t wrong. Thomas Jefferson wasn′t scared because _____ .A)he was very self�瞔onfidentB)he had faith in the strength of a free peopleC)he knew that the colonies had huge natural resourcesD)he was very patriotic Thomas Jefferson felt that the best in the American people was brought out by _____ .A)challenge B)courageC)fine leadership D)freedom The author draws a parallel between Thomas Jefferson′s time and _____ .A)a time of trouble B)war timeC)the future D)the time he lives in The author would like Jefferson to come back _____ .A)so he could see that his ideas were rightB)to see that the American people haven′t changedC)so that he could see that freedom does bring out the best in a manD)so that he could see that all of the above statements are true Passage 3 ????In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent,notions of male superiority are hard to maintain.The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality,and this in turn leads to further sharing.In such a home,the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by co�瞣peration rather than by the “battle of the sexes.”????If the process goes too far and man′s role is regarded as less important——and that has happened in some cases——we are as badly off as before,only in reverse.????It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family.We are getting a little tired of “Momism”——but we don′t want to exchange it for a “neo�睵opism.”What we need,rather,is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals.There are signs that psychiatrists,psychologists,social workers,and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit——nor all the blame.We have almost given up saying that a woman′s place is in the home.We are beginning，however,to analyze man′s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it.Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.????The family is a co�瞣perative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules,because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.????Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences,whether it wears skirts or trousers,and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent not only to a healthy democracy,but also to a healthy family. According to the passage,notions of male superiority are _____ .A)not maintained by most American womenB)difficult to maintain in a home where the woman does most of the workC)completely alien to American mothers and fathersD)difficult to maintain in a home where household tasks are shared by the mother and father The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and father is that _____ .A)the role of the father may become an inferior oneB)the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of the sexesC)sharing leads to masculine women and effeminate menD)the father becomes physically worn out Today,people who specialize in family problems _____ .A)reaffirm the belief that a woman′s place is in the homeB)would re�瞖stablish the father as the autocratic ruler of the familyC)are becoming more aware of the importance of the father′s role in the familyD)believe that the mother deserves all the credit or blame for the raising of the children According to the author,the solution of family problems _____ .A)is best felt in the hands of social workers and specialists on the familyB)is similar in all familiesC)needs to be reached by ways unique to each familyD)is not necessary in household where sharing is done Passage 4 ????In 1801 the Supreme Court was so weak that two Chief Justices had resigned because they couldn′t see any future in it.No one even remembered to give it a room in the new Capitol.Then they made John Marshall Chief Justice.And the court has had dignity,authority,and power ever since.????John Marshall just seemed to be born with an instinct for judging.His mind cut like a Bowie knife through the unimportant things right to the heart of a case.He walked the chalkline of impartiality with a sure,unwavering step.He had only one bias…his belief that we should be the United states of America.And he was convinced that the only thing that would keep us that way was the Constitution.????But in 1801 the Constitution was spanking new(崭新的), and nobody was sure what it really said.It had to be drawn up big and broad to cover a lot of territory—and that left open places in its meaning.But John Marshall tightened it up fast.????In his first big case he ruled that the court could not accept the authority given it under a statute which it had declared unconstitutional.And in depriving the court of this small authority,he established a bigger one.For he had set the precedent that it was the job of the court to rule on the constitutionality of laws.And then in one brilliant decision after another John Marshall explained what our new Constitution meant when it said something.And he made his decisions so clear, and honest, and sensible that the country understood and agreed.Even today,when lawyers tell you what the Constitution says,they will use John Marshall′s exact words.????As though it understood that it wouldn′t be needed any more,the Liberty Bell cracked and went silent while tolling for John Marshall′s death.We were left in good hands…a Constitution which now spelled out our rights,and a strong,respected court to see that those rights were never tampered with.????We′ve done some great things in America.But we′ve had our lucky breaks,too.And John Marshall was one of them. The title of this article is“He Gave Us A Rugged Constitution”.By“rugged Constitution”the author means _____ .A)one that clearly defines our rights and obligationsB)one that is tough in its policyC)a document not easily understoodD)a set of laws that defy explanation and enforcement John Marshall _____ .A)gave the court dignity,authority,and powerB)“tightened up”the ConstitutionC)establish a large authority for the Supreme CourtD)did all of the above things One of Marshall′s most important decisions gave to the Supreme Court _____ .A)the right to rule on the constitutionality of lawsB)the right to amend the ConstitutionC)the right to revise the ConstitutionD)all of the above Marshall is perhaps best remembered for _____ .A)his interpretation of the ConstitutionB)his fiery speechesC)depriving the court of unwarranted authorityD)his inclusion in the Constitution of the Bill of Rights Passage 5 ????Bond had walked for only a few minutes when it suddenly occurred to him that he was being followed.There was no evidence for it except a slight tingling of the scalp and an extra awareness of the people near him,but he had faith in his sixth sense and he at once stopped in front of the shop window he was passing and looked casually back along 46th Street.Nothing but a lot of miscellaneous people moving slowly on the sidewalks,mostly on the same side as himself,the side that was sheltered from the sun.There was no sudden movement into a doorway,nobody casually wiping his face with a handkerchief to avoid recognition,nobody bending down to tie a shoelace.????Bond examined the Swiss watches in his shop window and then turned and sauntered(闲逛)on.After a few yards he stopped again.Still nothing.He went on and turned right into the Avenue of the Americas,stopping in the first doorway,the entrance to a women′s underwear store where a man in a tan suit with his back to him was examining the black lace pants on a particularly realistic dummy.Bond turned and leant against a pillar and gazed lazily but watchfully out into the street.????And then something gripped his pistol arm and a voice snarled:‘All right,Limey.Take it easy unless you want lead for lunch,’and he felt something press into his back just above the kidneys.????What was there familiar about that voice?The Law?The Gang?Bond glanced down to see what was holding his right arm.It was a steel hook.Well,if the man had only one arm!Like lightning he swivelled,bending sideways and bringing his left fist round in a flailing blow,low down.????There was a smack as his fist was caught in the other man′s left hand,and at the same time as the contact telegraphed to Bond′s mind that there could have been no gun,there came the well�瞨emembered laugh and the lazy voice saying:‘No good,James.The angels have got you.’????Bond straightened himself slowly and for a moment he could only gaze into the grinning hawk�瞝ike face of Felix Leiter with blank disbelief,his built�瞮p tension slowly relaxing.????‘So you were doing a front tail,you lousy bastard,’he finally said. Bond stop in the doorway to the underwear shop _____ .A)to look at the man in the tan suitB)to look at the underwearC)to get out of the heatD)to see who was following him What is meant by “Take it easy unless you want lead for lunch”?A)You go first slowly and we′ll have lunch together.B)Take the gun gently or it will go off.C)Don′t move or I′ll shoot you.D)Put your hands up. Bond knew that the other man had no gun because _____ .A)he was in contact with himB)he received a messageC)he saw that the man′s hand was emptyD)he felt that the man′s hand was empty What does“doing a front tail”mean(last sentence)?A)walking backwardsB)“following”somebody from in frontC)hiding behind peopleD)pretending to be somebody else Part Ⅳ English�睠hinese TranslationDirections: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points)????Children who enter school today will be about thirty years old in 2020. Those now being educated in school are the ones who will shape the world of next century.(71) The reforms and innovations conceived today will not enter into force until a few years from now and their effects will not be felt for several decades. ????(72) By their very nature,every educational project and every measure taken in this field look to the future. To try to predict the possible futures of education is absolutely necessary as soon as an attempt is made to reform the existing education systems,i.e.as soon as any planning of education is undertaken.To plan means to make choices,to take out options on the future.But to plan also means to provide the necessary measures for carrying out a political intention.Any planning of education presupposes the existence of a political intention,for it is aimed at implementing a project of society.????(73) To plan also means to map out a road for something towards a future which,although possible,can only be hoped for.To a large extent,the possible futures are determined by the present and by the past. The future is never completely open.‘There are several paths open to society at any point of time but the choices about the future are limited by the realities of the past’.(74) The analysis of the problems to be solved and the search for possible futures go hand in hand,and together they constitute the premises for any real planning. ????(75) The future of education depends more on external factors than on endogenous elements in education systems.The political,economic,social and cultural contexts will determine the education of tomorrow,as they do today.These contexts will vary from area to area and from country to country. However,just as we have already found a certain similarity between educational problems everywhere in the world,it can be expected that certain developments will also be similar.There are undoubtedly general trends or weighted trends which will influence the futures of education.Their respective influence obviously depends on more general developments.Part Ⅴ Writing(15 points)Directions:A)Study the following chart carefully and write a brief report on growth of world population in no less than 120 words.B)Your report must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.C)Your report should meet the requirements below:
Describe the rate of population growth in different periods of time. Give an analysis of and the reasons for this increase in the growth rate.(The following information may be useful for your writing:Black Death in Europe and Asia in the 14th century;Industrial Revolution from about 1760;E.Jenner,an English physician,introduced vaccination(种痘；接种；预防注射) in about 1796) 研究生入学考试模拟英语试题[10]Part I Structure and VocabularySection A(1-10)CABCCCDBDDSection B(11-20) 正 确 答 案 为：D 改 为: for 正 确 答 案 为：B 改 为: to carry 正 确 答 案 为：C 改 为: making 正 确 答 案 为：C 改 为: altering 正 确 答 案 为：B 改 为: has given 正 确 答 案 为：D 改 为: on 正 确 答 案 为：C 改 为: many 正 确 答 案 为：A 改 为: as 正 确 答 案 为：A 改 为: spare no effort 正 确 答 案 为：C 改 为: that of any other Section C(21-40)BDABADCBCABCDCADABCDPart II Cloze Test(41-50)BCADBADBABPart III Reading Comprehension(51-70)ACDCBDDDDACCADAADCDBPart IV English�睠hinese Translation 人们今天想出的种种改革和革新计划将在几年内实行，而这些改革和革新所产生的效果要过数十年才能看到。 正是由于这些特点，每一项教育计划以及在教育领域中采取的每一个措施都是面向未来的。 计划也意味着为教育设计一条通往未来的道路，这种发展前景尽管是可能的，但目前只能是人们的希望。未来的发展在很大程度上取决于今天和过去。 对需要解决的问题进行分析，对发展的前景进行探索，这两者密切相关，它们是制定任何真正计划的前提。 教育的未来发展更多地取决于外部环境因素，而不是教育体制内部的因素。政治、经济、社会和文化环境将决定明天的教育，正如它们决定了今天的教育一样。而政治、经济、社会和文化环境也将因不同的地区和国家而变化。