A acrocentric chromosome近端着丝粒染色体 acute intermittent porphyria急性间隙性卟啉症 additive gene累加基因 adenylate deaminase,ADA腺苷脱氨酶 affected pedigree member,APM患病家系成员法 affected sib-pair,ASP患病同胞对法 agammaglobulinemia丙种球蛋白血症 albinism白化病 alkaptonuria尿黑酸尿症 Allele-specific oligonucleotide,ASO等位基因特异性寡核苷酸 Alu family Alu家族 An International System for Human Cytogenetics Nomenclature,ISCN人类细胞遗传学命名的国际体制 anaphase lag染色体分裂后期延滞 anencephalus无脑畸胎 aneupliod非整倍体 anticipation遗传早现 antisense technology反义技术 association关联 assortative mating选型婚配 atrial septal defect,ASD房间隔缺损 autoimmune disease,AID自身免疫性疾病 autosomal disease常染色体病 autosomal dominant inheritance,AD常染色体显性遗传 autosomal dominantly inherited chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia,AD-CPEO慢性进行性外眼肌麻痹 autosomal inheritance常染色体遗传 average inbreeding coefficient平均近婚系数 autosomal recessive inheritance,AR常染色体隐性遗传 autosome常染色体 B balanced translocation carrier染色体平衡易位携带者 base substitution碱基替换 biological fitness生物适合度 biometric model fitting生物统计模型拟合 birth defect出生缺陷 brachydactyly短指(趾)症 breakage断裂 bronchial asthma支气管哮喘 C carrier携带者 centi-Morgan,cM厘摩 centric fusion着丝粒融合 centromere着丝粒 chromatid染色单体 chromatin染色质 chromosomal disorder染色体病 chromosomal polymorphism染色体多态性 chromosomal rearrangement染色体重排 chromosome染色体 chromosome aberration染色体畸变 chromosome banding染色体显带 chromosome lose染色体丢失 chromosome set染色体组 chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia,CPEO慢性进行性眼外肌瘫痪 clinical genetics临床遗传学 co-segregation共分离 codominance共显性 codon密码子 coefficient of relationship亲缘系数 comparative genomics比较基因组学 complete penetrance完全外显 complex disease复杂疾病 congenital adrenal hyperplasia先天性肾上腺皮质增生症 congenital glucose-galactose malabsorption先天性葡萄糖、半乳糖吸收不良症 congenital malformation先天畸形 consanguinous mating近亲婚配 cri du chat syndrome猫叫综合征 cysticfibrosis,CF囊性纤维样变 cystinuria胱氨酸尿症 D delayed dominance延迟显性 deletion缺失 derivation chromosome衍生染色体 diabetes mellitus,DM糖尿病 diandry双雄受精 dicentric chromosome双着丝粒染色体 digyny双雌受精 diploid二倍体 Down Syndrome,DS Down综合征 Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule,DSCAM DS细胞黏附分子 Down syndrome critical region,DCR DS关键区 Duchenne muscular dystrophy,DMD Duchenne型肌营养不良症 duplication重复 dynamic mutation动态突变 E Edward syndrome Edward综合征 Ehlers-Danlos Ehlers-Danlos综合征 endomitosis核内有丝分裂 endoreduplication核内复制 euchromatin常染色质 eugenics优生学 euphanics优形学 euploid整倍体 eupsychics优心学 euthenics优境学 expanded familial genetic counseling扩大的家庭遗传咨询 expressivity表现度 F fetal alcohol syndrome胎儿酒精综合征 frame-shift mutation移码突变 functional cloning功能克隆 functional genomics功能基因组学 familiar hypercholesterolemia家族性高胆固醇血症 G gain-of-function mutation功能加强突变 galactosemia半乳糖血症 gene基因 gene augmentation基因增强 gene correction基因修正 gene expression基因表达 gene mutation基因突变 gene replacement基因替代 gene therapy基因治疗 genetic code遗传密码 genetic counseling遗传咨询 genetic disease遗传病 genetic heterogeneity遗传异质性 genetic imprinting遗传印记 genetic map遗传图 genetic medicine遗传医学 genetic shift随机遗传漂变 genome基因组 genomic imprinting基因组印记 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency,G6PD葡糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症 glycogen storage disease,GSD糖原贮积症 GT-AG rule GT-AG法则 H haploid单倍体 haplotype单倍型 healthy birth健康生殖 hemizygote半合子 hemoglobinopathy血红蛋白疾病 hemolytic disease of the newborn新生儿溶血症 hemophilia A血友病A hereditary chorea遗传性舞蹈病 hereditary enzymopathy遗传性酶病 heritability遗传度 heterochromatin异染色质 heteromorphism异形性 heteroplasmy异质性 histo-blood group组织血型 homoplasmy同质性 housekeeping protein持家蛋白 human genetics人类遗传学 human genome diversity project,HGDP人类基因组多样性计划 human genome project,HGP人类基因组计划 human leucocyte antigen,HLA人类白细胞抗原 human prion diseases人类朊蛋白病 Huntington’s chorea Huntington舞蹈病 hydramnios羊水过多 hyperdiploid超二倍体 hypodiploid亚二倍体 I immunodeficiency免疫缺陷 inborn errors of metabolism先天性代谢缺陷 inbreeding coefficient近婚系数 incomplete penetrance不完全外显 induced aberration诱发畸变 induced mutaion诱发突变 industrial genomics工业基因组学 inherited disorders of col1age胶原蛋白病 insertion插入 interstitial deletion中间缺失 intrauterine diagnosis宫内诊断 inversion倒位 irregular dominance不规则显性 isochromosome等臂染色体 K karyotype核型 karyotype analysis核型分析 Kearns-Sayre syndrome,KSS Kearns-Sayre综合征 Klinefelter syndrome Klinefelter综合征 KpnⅠ family KpnⅠ家族 L landmark界标 Leber hereditary optic neuropathy,LHON Leber遗传性视神经病 Leigh sysdrom,LS Leigh综合征 Lesch-Nyhan syndrome Lesch-Nyhan综合征 liability易患性 length-based heteroplasmy长度异质性 linkage map连锁图 loss-of-function mutation功能丢失的突变 luxury protein奢侈蛋白 M major gene主基因 major histocompatibility complex,MHC主要组织相容性复合体 maternal inheritance母系遗传 medical genetics医学遗传学 metacentric chromosome中着丝粒染色体 minor gene微效基因 missense mutation错义突变 mitochondrial disease线粒体病 mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA线粒体DNA mitochondria1 encephalomyopathies,ME线粒体脑肌病 mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis,and stroke-like episodes,MELAS线粒体脑肌病合并乳酸血症及卒中样发作 molecular diagnosis分子诊断 molecular disease分子病 monogenic disorder基因遗传病 monosomy单体型 morbid genomics疾病基因组学 mucopolysaccharidosis,MPS粘多糖贮积症 multifactorial disorder多因子病 multifactorial inheritance,MF多因子遗传 mutagen诱变剂 mutant protein突变蛋白 mutation突变 mutation load突变负荷 myeloschisis脊髓裂 myoclonic epilepsy and ragged red fibers,MERRF伴有破碎红纤维的肌阵挛癫痫 N neonatal screening新生儿筛查 neurogenic muscle weakness,ataxia,and retinitis pigmentosa,NARP神经源性肌软弱、共济失调并发色素性视网膜炎 non-disjunction不分离 non-sense mutation无义突变 novel property mutation新特征突变 nuclear DNA,nDNA核DNA nullosomy缺体型 O Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man在线《人类孟德尔遗传》 osteogenesis imperfecta成骨不全 P paracentric inversion臂内倒位 parental imprinting亲代印记 Parkinson disease,PD帕金森病 path analysis通径分析 Patau syndrome Patau综合征 pedigree analysis系谱分析法 penetrance外显率 pericentric inversion臂间倒位 peudogene拟基因 pharmacogenomics药物基因组学 phenocopy拟表型 phenylketonuria,PKU苯丙酮尿症 physical map物理图 plasma protein disease血浆蛋白病 pleiotropy基因的多效性 point mutation点突变 polygenic disorder多基因遗传病 polygenic inheritance多基因遗传 polyploid多倍体 polysomy多体型 positional cloning位置克隆 post-translational isozyme翻译后同工酶 prenatal diagnosis产前诊断 proband先证者 proteomics蛋白质组学 pseudodiploid假二倍体 Q qualitative character质量性状 quantitative character数量性状 quantitative trait loci,QTL数量性状位点 R receptor disease受体病 reciprocal translocation相互易位 recurrence risk再发风险率 rejoin重接 restriction fragment length polymorphism,RFLP限制性片段长度多态性 reunion愈合或重合 rheumatoid authritis,RA类风湿性关节炎 ring chromosome环状染色体 Robertsonian translocation罗伯逊易位 S same sense mutation同义突变 schizophrenia,SZ精神分裂症 segregation load分离负荷 selection coefficient选择系数 sequence-based heteroplasmy序列异质性 sequence map序列图 severe combined immunodeficiency,SCID严重联合免疫缺陷病 sex chromatin性染色质 sex chromosome性染色体 sex chromosome disease性染色体病 sex-conditioned inheritance从性遗传 sex-determining region Y,SRY Y性别决定区域 sex-limited inheritance限性遗传 short tandem repeat,STR短串联重复 sick1e cel1 anemia镰状细胞贫血 single gene disorder单基因遗传病 single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP单核苷酸多态性 single-strand conformation polymorphism,SSCP单链构象多态性 small deletion syndrome微小缺失综合征 somatic cell genetic disorder体细胞遗传病 somatic mutation体细胞突变 spina difida脊柱裂 spina bifida occulta隐性脊柱裂 spontaneous aberration自发畸变 spontaneous mutation自发突变 static mutation静态突变 structural equation modeling结构等式模型 structural genomics结构基因组学 submetacentric chromosome亚中着丝粒染色体 susceptibility易感性 T tandemly repeatd genes串联重复基因 telocentric chromosome端着丝粒染色体 telomere端粒 teratogen致畸因子 terminal deletion末端缺失 terminator codon mutation终止密码突变 testis-determining factor,TDF睾丸决定因子 tetralogy of Fallot法乐氏四联症 tetraploid四倍体 tha1assemia地中海贫血 tissue-specific protein组织特异性蛋白 translocation易位 transcription map转录图 transition转换 transmission disequilibrium test,TDT传递不平衡检验法 transvertion颠换3 trinucleotide repeat amplification脱氧三核苷酸重复扩增 trinucleotide repeat expansion diseases,TREDs三核苷酸重复扩增疾病 triplet code三联体密码 trisomy三体型 Turner syndromeTurner综合征 V variable number of tandem repeats,VNTR可变数目串联重复 ventricular septal defect,VSD室间隔缺损 vitamin D-resistant rickets抗维生素D佝偻病 X X chromatin X染色质 X inactivation X染色体失活 X-linked dominant inheritance,XD X伴性显性遗传 X-linked inheritanceX伴性遗传 X-linded recessive inheritance,XR X连锁隐性遗传 xeroderma pigmentosum,XP着色性干皮病 Y Y chromatin Y染色质 Y-linked inheritance Y连锁遗传