A
acrocentric chromosome近端着丝粒染色体
acute intermittent porphyria急性间隙性卟啉症
additive gene累加基因
adenylate deaminase,ADA腺苷脱氨酶
affected pedigree member,APM患病家系成员法
affected sib-pair,ASP患病同胞对法
agammaglobulinemia丙种球蛋白血症
albinism白化病
alkaptonuria尿黑酸尿症
Allele-specific oligonucleotide,ASO等位基因特异性寡核苷酸
Alu family Alu家族
An International System for Human Cytogenetics Nomenclature,ISCN人类细胞遗传学命名的国际体制
anaphase lag染色体分裂后期延滞
anencephalus无脑畸胎
aneupliod非整倍体
anticipation遗传早现
antisense technology反义技术
association关联
assortative mating选型婚配
atrial septal defect,ASD房间隔缺损
autoimmune disease,AID自身免疫性疾病
autosomal disease常染色体病
autosomal dominant inheritance,AD常染色体显性遗传
autosomal dominantly inherited chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia,AD-CPEO慢性进行性外眼肌麻痹
autosomal inheritance常染色体遗传
average inbreeding coefficient平均近婚系数
autosomal recessive inheritance,AR常染色体隐性遗传
autosome常染色体
B
balanced translocation carrier染色体平衡易位携带者
base substitution碱基替换
biological fitness生物适合度
biometric model fitting生物统计模型拟合
birth defect出生缺陷
brachydactyly短指(趾)症
breakage断裂
bronchial asthma支气管哮喘
C
carrier携带者
centi-Morgan,cM厘摩
centric fusion着丝粒融合
centromere着丝粒
chromatid染色单体
chromatin染色质
chromosomal disorder染色体病
chromosomal polymorphism染色体多态性
chromosomal rearrangement染色体重排
chromosome染色体
chromosome aberration染色体畸变
chromosome banding染色体显带
chromosome lose染色体丢失
chromosome set染色体组
chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia,CPEO慢性进行性眼外肌瘫痪
clinical genetics临床遗传学
co-segregation共分离
codominance共显性
codon密码子
coefficient of relationship亲缘系数
comparative genomics比较基因组学
complete penetrance完全外显
complex disease复杂疾病
congenital adrenal hyperplasia先天性肾上腺皮质增生症
congenital glucose-galactose malabsorption先天性葡萄糖、半乳糖吸收不良症
congenital malformation先天畸形
consanguinous mating近亲婚配
cri du chat syndrome猫叫综合征
cysticfibrosis,CF囊性纤维样变
cystinuria胱氨酸尿症
D
delayed dominance延迟显性
deletion缺失
derivation chromosome衍生染色体
diabetes mellitus,DM糖尿病
diandry双雄受精
dicentric chromosome双着丝粒染色体
digyny双雌受精
diploid二倍体
Down Syndrome,DS Down综合征
Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule,DSCAM DS细胞黏附分子
Down syndrome critical region,DCR DS关键区
Duchenne muscular dystrophy,DMD Duchenne型肌营养不良症
duplication重复
dynamic mutation动态突变
E
Edward syndrome Edward综合征
Ehlers-Danlos Ehlers-Danlos综合征
endomitosis核内有丝分裂
endoreduplication核内复制
euchromatin常染色质
eugenics优生学
euphanics优形学
euploid整倍体
eupsychics优心学
euthenics优境学
expanded familial genetic counseling扩大的家庭遗传咨询
expressivity表现度
F
fetal alcohol syndrome胎儿酒精综合征
frame-shift mutation移码突变
functional cloning功能克隆
functional genomics功能基因组学
familiar hypercholesterolemia家族性高胆固醇血症
G
gain-of-function mutation功能加强突变
galactosemia半乳糖血症
gene基因
gene augmentation基因增强
gene correction基因修正
gene expression基因表达
gene mutation基因突变
gene replacement基因替代
gene therapy基因治疗
genetic code遗传密码
genetic counseling遗传咨询
genetic disease遗传病
genetic heterogeneity遗传异质性
genetic imprinting遗传印记
genetic map遗传图
genetic medicine遗传医学
genetic shift随机遗传漂变
genome基因组
genomic imprinting基因组印记
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency,G6PD葡糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症
glycogen storage disease,GSD糖原贮积症
GT-AG rule GT-AG法则
H
haploid单倍体
haplotype单倍型
healthy birth健康生殖
hemizygote半合子
hemoglobinopathy血红蛋白疾病
hemolytic disease of the newborn新生儿溶血症
hemophilia A血友病A
hereditary chorea遗传性舞蹈病
hereditary enzymopathy遗传性酶病
heritability遗传度
heterochromatin异染色质
heteromorphism异形性
heteroplasmy异质性
histo-blood group组织血型
homoplasmy同质性
housekeeping protein持家蛋白
human genetics人类遗传学
human genome diversity project,HGDP人类基因组多样性计划
human genome project,HGP人类基因组计划
human leucocyte antigen,HLA人类白细胞抗原
human prion diseases人类朊蛋白病
Huntington’s chorea Huntington舞蹈病
hydramnios羊水过多
hyperdiploid超二倍体
hypodiploid亚二倍体
I
immunodeficiency免疫缺陷
inborn errors of metabolism先天性代谢缺陷
inbreeding coefficient近婚系数
incomplete penetrance不完全外显
induced aberration诱发畸变
induced mutaion诱发突变
industrial genomics工业基因组学
inherited disorders of col1age胶原蛋白病
insertion插入
interstitial deletion中间缺失
intrauterine diagnosis宫内诊断
inversion倒位
irregular dominance不规则显性
isochromosome等臂染色体
K
karyotype核型
karyotype analysis核型分析
Kearns-Sayre syndrome,KSS Kearns-Sayre综合征
Klinefelter syndrome Klinefelter综合征
KpnⅠ family KpnⅠ家族
L
landmark界标
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy,LHON Leber遗传性视神经病
Leigh sysdrom,LS Leigh综合征
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome Lesch-Nyhan综合征
liability易患性
length-based heteroplasmy长度异质性
linkage map连锁图
loss-of-function mutation功能丢失的突变
luxury protein奢侈蛋白
M
major gene主基因
major histocompatibility complex,MHC主要组织相容性复合体
maternal inheritance母系遗传
medical genetics医学遗传学
metacentric chromosome中着丝粒染色体
minor gene微效基因
missense mutation错义突变
mitochondrial disease线粒体病
mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA线粒体DNA
mitochondria1 encephalomyopathies,ME线粒体脑肌病
mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis,and stroke-like episodes,MELAS线粒体脑肌病合并乳酸血症及卒中样发作
molecular diagnosis分子诊断
molecular disease分子病
monogenic disorder基因遗传病
monosomy单体型
morbid genomics疾病基因组学
mucopolysaccharidosis,MPS粘多糖贮积症
multifactorial disorder多因子病
multifactorial inheritance,MF多因子遗传
mutagen诱变剂
mutant protein突变蛋白
mutation突变
mutation load突变负荷
myeloschisis脊髓裂
myoclonic epilepsy and ragged red fibers,MERRF伴有破碎红纤维的肌阵挛癫痫
N
neonatal screening新生儿筛查
neurogenic muscle weakness,ataxia,and retinitis pigmentosa,NARP神经源性肌软弱、共济失调并发色素性视网膜炎
non-disjunction不分离
non-sense mutation无义突变
novel property mutation新特征突变
nuclear DNA,nDNA核DNA
nullosomy缺体型
O
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man在线《人类孟德尔遗传》
osteogenesis imperfecta成骨不全
P
paracentric inversion臂内倒位
parental imprinting亲代印记
Parkinson disease,PD帕金森病
path analysis通径分析
Patau syndrome Patau综合征
pedigree analysis系谱分析法
penetrance外显率
pericentric inversion臂间倒位
peudogene拟基因
pharmacogenomics药物基因组学
phenocopy拟表型
phenylketonuria,PKU苯丙酮尿症
physical map物理图
plasma protein disease血浆蛋白病
pleiotropy基因的多效性
point mutation点突变
polygenic disorder多基因遗传病
polygenic inheritance多基因遗传
polyploid多倍体
polysomy多体型
positional cloning位置克隆
post-translational isozyme翻译后同工酶
prenatal diagnosis产前诊断
proband先证者
proteomics蛋白质组学
pseudodiploid假二倍体
Q
qualitative character质量性状
quantitative character数量性状
quantitative trait loci,QTL数量性状位点
R
receptor disease受体病
reciprocal translocation相互易位
recurrence risk再发风险率
rejoin重接
restriction fragment length polymorphism,RFLP限制性片段长度多态性
reunion愈合或重合
rheumatoid authritis,RA类风湿性关节炎
ring chromosome环状染色体
Robertsonian translocation罗伯逊易位
S
same sense mutation同义突变
schizophrenia,SZ精神分裂症
segregation load分离负荷
selection coefficient选择系数
sequence-based heteroplasmy序列异质性
sequence map序列图
severe combined immunodeficiency,SCID严重联合免疫缺陷病
sex chromatin性染色质
sex chromosome性染色体
sex chromosome disease性染色体病
sex-conditioned inheritance从性遗传
sex-determining region Y,SRY Y性别决定区域
sex-limited inheritance限性遗传
short tandem repeat,STR短串联重复
sick1e cel1 anemia镰状细胞贫血
single gene disorder单基因遗传病
single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP单核苷酸多态性
single-strand conformation polymorphism,SSCP单链构象多态性
small deletion syndrome微小缺失综合征
somatic cell genetic disorder体细胞遗传病
somatic mutation体细胞突变
spina difida脊柱裂
spina bifida occulta隐性脊柱裂
spontaneous aberration自发畸变
spontaneous mutation自发突变
static mutation静态突变
structural equation modeling结构等式模型
structural genomics结构基因组学
submetacentric chromosome亚中着丝粒染色体
susceptibility易感性
T
tandemly repeatd genes串联重复基因
telocentric chromosome端着丝粒染色体
telomere端粒
teratogen致畸因子
terminal deletion末端缺失
terminator codon mutation终止密码突变
testis-determining factor,TDF睾丸决定因子
tetralogy of Fallot法乐氏四联症
tetraploid四倍体
tha1assemia地中海贫血
tissue-specific protein组织特异性蛋白
translocation易位
transcription map转录图
transition转换
transmission disequilibrium test,TDT传递不平衡检验法
transvertion颠换3
trinucleotide repeat amplification脱氧三核苷酸重复扩增
trinucleotide repeat expansion diseases,TREDs三核苷酸重复扩增疾病
triplet code三联体密码
trisomy三体型
Turner syndromeTurner综合征
V
variable number of tandem repeats,VNTR可变数目串联重复
ventricular septal defect,VSD室间隔缺损
vitamin D-resistant rickets抗维生素D佝偻病
X
X chromatin X染色质
X inactivation X染色体失活
X-linked dominant inheritance,XD X伴性显性遗传
X-linked inheritanceX伴性遗传
X-linded recessive inheritance,XR X连锁隐性遗传
xeroderma pigmentosum,XP着色性干皮病
Y
Y chromatin Y染色质
Y-linked inheritance Y连锁遗传