Unit 4 Text A AFTER-READING TASK Reading Comprehension Exercise 2 Circle the best answer according to the passage. 1. To many people the Bermuda Triangle is really a mystery because A. it is called "Devil's Triangle" B. a lot of books have been written about the area C. the lost continent of Atlantis lies somewhere in that area D. there have been many unexplainable disappearances of ships and aircraft in that area. 2. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. The Bermuda Triangle has aroused considerable interest. B. The Bermuda Triangle is a mysterious area of the North Atlantic Ocean. C. The Bermuda Triangle is referred to as "Devil's Triangle" because no ships and planes can survive there. D. Despite some interesting theories, no investigation has so far producedconvincing answers to the mystery of the triangle. 3. The disappearances of planes and ships in the Bermuda Triangle are probably caused by __ A. some unknown magnetic forces B. underwater volcanic action C. sensational journalism D. something not yet known 4. All of the following are mentioned to suggest that the Bermuda Triangle is really a mysterious area EXCEPT __ A. He U.S. cargo boat Marie Celeste B. five U.S. bombers on a routine training flight C. the U.S. Navy nuclear submarine Scorpion D. the U.S. Navy ship Cyclops 5. It is mentioned in the passage that A. the Bermuda Triangle is not responsible for the missing of so many ships and planes B. not a single ship or plane can easily escape the danger of the Bermuda Triangle C. the loss of ships, boats and planes is chiefly due to human error D. no satisfactory explanations could be given to the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle Exercise 3 Decide whether the statements are True or False according to the passage. I. On 5th December, 1945, more than five planes disappeared mysteriously in the so-called Bermuda Triangle. 2. No trace of all the missing planes and ships can be found in the Bermuda Triangle. 3. It seems that some ships and planes may also have disappeared mysteriously in other parts of the world. 4. Some theories, can explain the cause of the missing ships and planes in the Bermuda Triangle. 5. Many ships and planes are still traveling daily through the triangle without any danger. Exercise 4 Complete the summary according to the passage. There are many unhappy stories told of the "Bermuda Triangle", a mysterious area of the North Atlantic Ocean. Many_____ and ______are reported to have mysteriously disappeared in that area. _______ investigation has so far produced convincing answers to the mystery of the____ , but there really, exist some interesting _____about that area. Some have suggested that the______ are caused by some special features of that area. Others, however, have stated that there is nothing ______ in that area because such kinds of _____ have also occurred______. And ships, boats and planes are still traveling______ through the area without any danger. Vocabulary and Structure Exercise 5 Choose the definition from Column B that best matches the word in Column A. A B 1. triangle a. being the cause of 2. missing b. a ship or boat 3. confirm c. a part of armed forces that fights at sea 4. responsible d. a shape with three sides 5. navy e. give as an idea 6. vessel f. give evidence for the truth of 7. vanish g. go suddenly out of sight 8. submarine h. cause to become connected 9. propose i. a ship that can travel under the sea 10. involve j. that you cannot find Exercise 6 Translate the expressions into Chinese or English 1. routine meeting 例行报告 follow the old routine 打破常规 2. involve some criminals 牵涉到我们利益 be involved in debt 陷入困境 3. a merchant vessel 核潜艇 a cargo boat a war ship 4. get a desired effect 改进音响效果 go into effect without any effect Exercise 7 Fill in the blanks with the given words, Change the form where necessary crew agent confirm outer vanish propose mount missing imaginary loss 1. As far as I know, that company is a(n) ______for Toyota in the Far East. 2. To put on the new play, the stage______ met with some unexpected difficulties. 3. The book is not bound properly: there are several pages_______. 4. The London underground railway has an inner circle and a(n)______ circle. 5. Though all the characters in the play are______ some of them may look like you or me. 6. The audience were shocked when David made the jet airliner _____with a wave of his hand. 7. We have received your call, but would you please _____ your telephone message in writing? 8. The opposing political party has already got ready to ______ a powerful attack on the government. 9. After a series of losses they ____ a new system of defense against the enemy submarines. 10. Without proper treatment, the _____ of too much blood will lead to death. Exercise 8 Complete the sentences with the given expressions. in all due to in other words regardless of in order on board after all responsible for 1. He ran out of the room, not stopping until he was______ a ship. 2. They were charged with being _______ the death of two policemen. 3. I did quite a lot of flying at the London Aeroplane Club; I did about a hundred hours______. 4. Before setting out on a long journey, you must make sure that your car is _______. 5, He has done a good job; _____ he is only a child. 6. Everyone has the right to live where he or she chooses to, ______ the colour of Exercise 9 Rewrite the sentences by using a V-ing phrase to replace the underlined part. EXAMPLES: The woman who was driving the car indicated that she was going to turn left. The woman driving the car indicated that she was going to turn left. Since she is a friend of the President's, she has considerable influence in the White House. Being a friend of the President's, she has considerable influence in the White House. I. The people who are working in the factory asked for a pay increase last month. 2. As he was so excited, he did not know what to say. 3. This is the road which leads to the station. 4. There are two people m me office who ask to see you. 5. The road which joins the two villages is very narrow. 6. When Nick was getting into the bus, he stumbled and hurt his knee. 7. If you look out of the window, you can have a full view of the city. 8. When he arrived at the station, he round me train had left. Exercise 10 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. 1. I'm busy_____ (get) the computer fixed. 2. It's no use ______ (worry) about it. There's nothing you can do. 3. Is the cloth sufficient ______ (make) a dress? 4. The book is worth ________ (read). 5. It is not always easy ______ (refuse) invitations. 6. Some questions are difficult_______ (answer). 7. He is certain ______ (give) us his support. 8. The food is ready_____ (eat). 9. I'm sure you'll have no difficulty_____ (pass) the examination. 10. It's a waste of money _____ (buy) things you don't need. Text B AFTER-READING TASK Reading Comprehension Exercise 2 Decide whether the statements are True or False according to the passage, I According to the British Acoustical Society, the Arizona highway accident was caused by infra-sound. 2 Infra-sound can produce effects similar to drunkenness. 3 Prof. Gavreau discovered that infra-sound could kill people within half a mile of the sound source. 4 Infra-sound can only be detected by advanced electronic equipment. 5 "This phenomenon" (Para. 4, Line 6) refers to the sensitivity of goldfish in water. Vocabulary and structure Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with the given words. Change the form where necessary. zone crash drift mild sensitive site vital detect internal investigate 2. We appreciated your help, which is______ to the success of our project. 3. They hope that the _____ of the new school will be soon fixed. 4. His ears are highly __ to any unusual sound in the machine. 5. You will come to like this place: the weather here is warm and _____. 6. The taxi ran into the lamp-post and one of the passengers was seriously hurt in the _____. 7. The police ______ the causes of the car accident for a whole week, but w no avail. 8. The foreign guests were invited to visit the newly-developed economic ___ on the other side of the river. 9. The electronic clock dropped from the wall, but luckily no ____ damage was done. 10. People in the spaceship became weightless after going out of the earth's atmosphere, so they _______ here and there in the cabin. Exercise 4 Complete the sentences with the given expressions. Change the form where necessary. pick up in terror as far as in the case of aware of reduce to on the spot turn out 1. We had thought he was American but he ____ to be Japanese. 2. Anyone who breaks the rules will be asked to leave______. 3. After his serious illness, he was____ skin and bones. 4. _____ I can see, your arguments are absolutely unquestionable. 5. Failure discouraged most people; however, ______ my father it was otherwise. 6. At the sight of the snake she let out a cry and ran away _____. 7. In spite of its small size, my receiver can ______ signals from all the European radio stations. 8. She was so absorbed in her work that she was not_____ my presence until I spoke to her. Exercise 5 Choose the best answer to complete each of the sentences. 1. I'm looking forward to ____the party next Friday. A. attend B. being attended C attending D. be attending 2. I'll tell him what needs ____. A. to repair B. repaired C. to be repaired D. being repaired 3. I can't understand why he avoided _____ to me. A. to speak B. being spoken C. to be spoken D. speaking 4. He objects to ____ like this. A. treating B. being treated 5. I'm too tired and don't feel like _____ today. A. to study B. study C studying D. to be studied 6. Have you ever considered______ in another country? A. going to live B.' to be going to live C. to go to live D. of going to live 7. Because of my poor English, I'm afraid I can't make myself ______. A. be understood B. to understand C. understanding D. understood 8. We are glad _____ such a warm welcome. A. giving B. to have given C. to have been given D. being given 9. This bridge is said _____ in a battle during World War II. A to have been destroyed B. to be destroyed C. being destroyed D. to have destroyed 10. The young man complained of_____ too much work. A. giving B. having given C. to be given D. having been given Skills Development and Practice Reading Skills Classification Practice 1 Read the paragraph and complete the chart that follows. Libraries can be divided into two major groups: public libraries and academic libraries. Public libraries include state, county, and city libraries. A public library provides library services for all of the people in the community. An academic library, on the other hand, is generally a university library. It provides services for students, professors, and other members of the academic community. Because they are for all of the people, public libraries are a good source of books and magazines for entertainment. Most of the books and magazines in an academic library, however, are for research. Practice 2. Read the passage and then complete the chart with the information you've got. There are two general kinds of milk available: whole milk and concentrated milk. Whole milk has all the nutrients of milk. It is usually 2 to 4 percent butterfat and 8.5 percent milk solids. The rest is water. When some or all of the water is removed from the milk, the product is called concentrated milk. There are three main types of concentrated milk: evaporated, dehydrated, and condensed. Evaporated milk, which is very thick, has only 40 percent of its water. It usually comes in cans. Dehydrated milk has no water. It is a kind of dry powder that usually comes in boxes. Condensed milk is evaporated and sweetened. It is about 42 percent sugar. People choose which kind of milk to buy depending on their needs. Signal Words of Classification  Verbs be divided into, be subdivided into, be separated into, be classed into, be classified into, fall into Nouns classes, groups, kinds, types, categories, sorts  Translation Practice Translation Skill 分译（2）：把一个英语句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的汉语句子 Practice 3 Translate the sentences into Chinese, using the translation skill you have just learned. 1. He did not remember his father who died when he was three years old. 2. That question is too hard for me to answer. 3. Strange enough they were the same age to the day. 4. He is too iii to have been anywhere but in bed. 5. His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery. Practice 4 Translate the sentences into Chinese. 1. Some months later she was found on the bottom of the ocean, but the reason for her loss has not been properly explained. 2. However, others state that it is more likely that there is nothing special about this imaginary triangle of water, and that it is a product of sensational journalism. 3. It has not been proven that a higher percentage of accidents and losses occur in this section of the North Atlantic than in other areas of the world's oceans. 4. The British Acoustical Society has recently stated that: depending on the car, the road surface and the person concerned, this infra-sound can produce "euphoria, recklessness, lower efficiency and dizziness". 5. More research will be needed before we are sure how infra-sound can be used, but two things are already clear: the information it provides may be vital, and infra-sound itself can be dangerous. Practice 5 Translate the sentences into English, 这件事足以证实，那些船只和飞机的失踪是神秘的百慕大三角造成的。 在这个区域消失的不但有小型的而且还有装备先进的船只和飞机。 已经有人提出，失踪事件是由来自太空或海底的未知磁力引起的。 还有一种看法是，水下的火山活动影响了航行。 对百慕大三角尽管有种种看法，每天继续有船只和飞机频繁驶过这一区域。 Guided Writing Classification Practice 6 Write sentences using the words given. Make changes where necessary. 1. There / be / two groups / student / in / university / part-time / and / full-time 2. Engines / be / basically / two types / according to / kind of fuel / they use 3. College class examinations / can be divide into four categories / true and false tests / multiple-choice tests / essay tests / and / machine-scored tests 4. Chinese classes / for international student / fall into / different / level / in / university Practice 7 Read the passage carefully and then complete the sentences which are based upon the information contained in the passage. State Schools in England and Wales State schools can be classified according to the age range of the pupils and the type of education provided. Basically, there are two types of school: primary and secondary. Primary schools cater for children aged 5-11 and secondary schools for ages 11-16 ( and up to 19 ). Primary schools can be sub-divided into infant schools ( for ages 5-7 ) and junior schools ( for ages 7-11). Secondary schools may be of one type for all abilities, namely comprehensive schools; most secondary schools are of this kind. Alternatively, the pupils may be grouped according to their ability and selected by means of an examination at the age of 11 ( known as the" l I plus exam" ). Thus, grammar schools cater for those with academic ability; modern schools for those with less academic ability; and technical schools for those with more practical skills. 1. Schools_________________ the pupils' age and the type of education provided. 2. There are _____________________ schools: primary and secondary. 3. Primary schools______________________ into infant and junior schools. 4. Secondary school pupils__________________ their ability. 5. The criterion for classifying secondary schools is whether or not there is _____________. Practice 8 Write a paragraph of classification based on the chart, using the words and expressions provided. be classified into consist of form the center of include Practice 9 介绍信 July 7.1995 Dear Mr. King, I have the pleasure of introducing to you Mr. Liu, a good friend of mine. He is going to spend some days in your town. Any assistance you may give him will be regarded as a personal favour by Chao Xiaohong   July 7, 1995 Dear Professor King, Allow me to introduce to you Mr. Liu, the bearer of this letter. He is one of my former students and is going to enter your institution after graduation here. Will you please give him some necessary guidance about the entrance examination? I shall be much obliged if you will show him any favour. Yours, Alice   仿写两封介绍信： 介绍一同事，希望你朋友能提供方便。 介绍一学生，希望在你朋友单位查阅有关资料能获得帮助。 Key to the Exercises Text A PRE-READING TASK Exercise 1 1. A section of the North Atlantic bounded roughly by Bermuda, Florida and Puerto Rico. 2. Five bombers were missing and the planes that were sent to look for them also failed to return. WHILE-READING TASK What does the subject refer to? The "subject" refers to the mysterious disappearance of ships and plans in the Bermuda. What does the example of the American cargo boat try to show? The example of the American cargo boat is used to show that there is nothing special about Bermuda Triangle. The mysterious disappearance of ships and planes also happens elsewhere. AFTER-READING TASK Reading Comprehension Exercise 2 l.D 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.D Exercise 3 1.T 2. F 3.T 4. F 5.T Exercise 4 ships planes No area theories disappearances special losses/disappearances/things elsewhere daily Vocabulary and Structure Exercise 5 1 .d 2.j 3.f 4.a 5.c 6.b 7.g 8.i 9.e 10.h Exercise 6 1．例会 routine report 墨守成规 break the routine 2．牵涉到一些罪犯 involve our interests 陷入债务 be involved in trouble 3．商船 a nuclear submarine 货船 战舰 4．得到预期的效果 improve sound effects 生效，开始实施 无效，不起作用 Exercise 7 1. agent 2. crew 3. missing 4. outer 5. imaginary 6. vanish 7. confirm 8. mount 9. proposed 10. loss Exercise 8 1. on board 2. responsible for 3. in all 4. in order 5. after all 6. regardless of 7. due to 8. In other words Exercise 9 1. The people working in the factory asked for a pay increase last month. 2. Being so excited, he did not know what to say. 3. This is the road leading to the station. 4. There are two people in the office asking to see you. 5. The road joining the two villages is very narrow 6. Getting into the bus, Nick stumbled and hurt his knee. 7. Looking out of the window, you can have a full view of the city. 8. Arriving at the station, he found the train had left. Exercise 10 1. getting 2. worrying 3. to make 4. reading 5. to refuse 6. to answer 7. to give 8. to eat 9. passing 10. to buy Text B PRE.READING TASK Exercise 1 (Suggested answer) 1. Infra-sound is sound that the human ear cannot hear, as it cannot pick up vibrations below about thirty cycles a second (or above about 22 000). 2. Infra-sound can be extremely dangerous to the body but the information it provides may be vital, for example, the detection of low-frequency vibrations in the prediction of an earthquake. AFTER-READING TASK Reading Comprehension Exercise 2 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T Vocabulary and Structure Exercise 3 1. detected 2. vital 3. site 4. sensitive 5. mild 6. crash 7. investigated 8. zone 9. internal 10. drifted Exercise 4 1. turned out 2. on the spot 3. reduced to 4. As far as 5. in the case of 6. in terror 7. pick up 8. aware of Exercise 5 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.A 10. D Skills Development and Practice Reading Skills Classification Pactice 1 Practice 2. Translation Practice 3 1．他三岁丧父，所以记不起父亲了。 2．那个问题太难，我回答不了。 3．说来也真巧，他俩同年同月同日生。 4．他病得很厉害，不能行走，只能呆在床上。 5．他没有遵守安全规则，结果机器出了故障。 practice 4 1．几个月以后在海底找到了它，可是它失踪的原因却没有得到合理的解释。 2．可是还有些人则说，更大的可能是这个臆想出来的三角水域并没有什么特别的地方，所谓的百慕大三角是由爱制造耸人听闻消息的新闻界编造出来的。 3．人们还没有证实，在北大西洋这一区域发生事故和失踪事件的比例高于世界上的其他海域。 4．英国声学学会最近报告说，这种亚声能导致“快感、莽撞、低效率以致晕眩”，具体后果取决于具体的车、路面和人。 5．我们需要进行更多的研究才会确定如何利用亚声。但是有两点现在已经十分清楚：亚声所提供的信息可能十分重要；亚声本身就可能是危险的。 Practice 5 1. This event was sufficient to confirm that the mysterious Bermuda Triangle was responsible for the loss of ships and planes. 2. It is not only small boats and planes that have vanished in the area, but the most modem and best equipped too. 3. It has been suggested that the disappearances are caused by unknown magnetic forces from outer space or from the bottom of the sea. 4. There is also a theory about underwater volcanic action that affects shipping. 5. Regardless of the theories which exist about the "Bermuda Triangle", ships and planes continue to travel daily through the area with great frequency. Guided Writing Practice 6 1. There are two groups of students in a university: part-time and full-time. 2. Engines are basically of two types according to the kind of fuel they use. 3. College class examinations can be divided into three categories: true and false tests, multiple-choice tests, and essay tests. 4. Chinese classes for international students fall into different levels in the university. Practice 7 can / may be classified according to two types of can / may be sub-divided may be grouped according to an 11 plus exam / selection at the age 11 Practice 8 Families can be classified into two types: nuclear families and extended families. The nuclear family usually consists of two parents (mother and father) and their children. The mother and father form the center of the nuclear family. The children stay in the nuclear family until they grow up and marry. Then they form new nuclear families. The extended family is very large. It includes children, parents, grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins. They are related by blood or by marriage. They are all related, so members of an extended family are called relatives. Practice 9 1. July 7, 1995 Dear Mr. X, I have the pleasure of introducing to you Mr. Y, a good friend of mine. He is going to spend a few days in your town. Any assistance you may give him will be regarded as a personal favour for Zhang Hong. Zhang Hong   2 . July 7, 1995 Dear Professor Wang, Allow me to introduce to you Mr. Li, the bearer of this letter. He is one of my students and is going to look for materials in your library for his MA paper. I shall be much obliged if you will do him any favour. Yours, Zhang Hong