课件十三,Unification of Germany
德国的统一 (13-0-0)
? 提纲：
? 一,48年革命后德意志的政治经济状况
? 二、普鲁士的统一活动和德国统一的完
成
? 三、五、六十年代的德国工人运动
The Origin of Kingdom of Prussia
普鲁士王国的建立
? When Elector Friedrich III crowned himself King
Friedrich I in Prussia in 1701,the new kingdom ruled
by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the
Kingdom of Prussia.
? After the First Partition of Poland in 1772,part of
the former Polish province Royal Prussia,was
merged with East Prussia,On January 31,1773 King
Friedrich II announced that the newly annexed lands
were to be known as West Prussia and the old Duchy
of Prussia was to be known as East Prussia.
The Growth of Prussia
普鲁士王国的扩张
Light Blue:
Prussia in 1865
Dark Blue:
Annexed by
Prussia,1866
Light Blue Line:
Border of North
German
Confederation
Toward the Unification of
Germany( 1740-1871 ) 统一之路
Bismarck (1815-98) 俾斯麦
? German statesman
and Prussian junker,
known as,The Iron
Chancellor”,He was
appointed prime
minister of Prussia
(1862) in order to
push army reform
through parliament,
In 1871,he became
the first chancellor
of the German
Riech.
“The Iron and Blood Chancellor”
“铁血宰相”
? On Sept,30,1862,Bismarck said in the
parliament,“Germany has its eyes
not on Prussia?s liberalism,but
on its power,The great events of
our day will not be decided by
speeches and and resolutions of
majority,but by blood and iron.”
Schleswig-Holstein
普、奥同丹麦的战争 （ 1864） 夺得石勒苏益格和霍尔斯泰因
? The duchies of
Schleswig and Holstein
became the personal
possessions of the king
of Denmark in 1460,
though the population
was largely German,
Prussia,to stop a Danish
attempt to annex the
duchies,with Austria
force Denmark to give
them up(1864),Prussia
taking Schleswig and
Austria Holstein.
Austro-Prussian War (1866) （ also known as,
Seven Weeks? War） 普奥战争 (图为萨多瓦战役）
The Austro-Prussian War,
provoked by Bismarck
over the Schleswig-
Holstein controversy,
Prussia was supported by
Italy,while Austria was
allied with Saxony,
Hanover and several S,
German states,The
Prussian army under von
Moltke won rapid victories,
ending with decisive Battle
of Sadowa ( July 3,1866)
and the treaty of Prague
(Aug,23,1866).
Prague Treaty(Aug,23,1866) 布拉格条约
? Prussia kept all the territories it
had captured,
? A North German Confederation
was set up under the control of
Prussia,
? A federal Diet (parliament) was
established for the states in this
North German Confederation,
The Diet would be elected and
each state could keep its own
laws and customs,
? The southern German states
formed their own
independent confederation,
? Austria promised to stay out
of German affairs,
? Austria paid compensation to
Prussia but did not lose land
to it,Prussia did not want to
weaken Austria too much
since it might be a useful ally
in the future against
Prussia's enemies,
North German Confederation (1867)
北德意志联邦
zh-CNGB23121搜索搜索
Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) 普法战争
? A French cartoon,
depicting the
German chancellor
Bismarck,with
Kaiser Wilhelm of
Germany riding a
pig (Napoleon)
down the Champs
Elysées in Paris,
France.
German Empire ( Deutsches Reich,1871 )
德意志帝国的建立
德国的统一 (13-0-0)
? 提纲：
? 一,48年革命后德意志的政治经济状况
? 二、普鲁士的统一活动和德国统一的完
成
? 三、五、六十年代的德国工人运动
The Origin of Kingdom of Prussia
普鲁士王国的建立
? When Elector Friedrich III crowned himself King
Friedrich I in Prussia in 1701,the new kingdom ruled
by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the
Kingdom of Prussia.
? After the First Partition of Poland in 1772,part of
the former Polish province Royal Prussia,was
merged with East Prussia,On January 31,1773 King
Friedrich II announced that the newly annexed lands
were to be known as West Prussia and the old Duchy
of Prussia was to be known as East Prussia.
The Growth of Prussia
普鲁士王国的扩张
Light Blue:
Prussia in 1865
Dark Blue:
Annexed by
Prussia,1866
Light Blue Line:
Border of North
German
Confederation
Toward the Unification of
Germany( 1740-1871 ) 统一之路
Bismarck (1815-98) 俾斯麦
? German statesman
and Prussian junker,
known as,The Iron
Chancellor”,He was
appointed prime
minister of Prussia
(1862) in order to
push army reform
through parliament,
In 1871,he became
the first chancellor
of the German
Riech.
“The Iron and Blood Chancellor”
“铁血宰相”
? On Sept,30,1862,Bismarck said in the
parliament,“Germany has its eyes
not on Prussia?s liberalism,but
on its power,The great events of
our day will not be decided by
speeches and and resolutions of
majority,but by blood and iron.”
Schleswig-Holstein
普、奥同丹麦的战争 （ 1864） 夺得石勒苏益格和霍尔斯泰因
? The duchies of
Schleswig and Holstein
became the personal
possessions of the king
of Denmark in 1460,
though the population
was largely German,
Prussia,to stop a Danish
attempt to annex the
duchies,with Austria
force Denmark to give
them up(1864),Prussia
taking Schleswig and
Austria Holstein.
Austro-Prussian War (1866) （ also known as,
Seven Weeks? War） 普奥战争 (图为萨多瓦战役）
The Austro-Prussian War,
provoked by Bismarck
over the Schleswig-
Holstein controversy,
Prussia was supported by
Italy,while Austria was
allied with Saxony,
Hanover and several S,
German states,The
Prussian army under von
Moltke won rapid victories,
ending with decisive Battle
of Sadowa ( July 3,1866)
and the treaty of Prague
(Aug,23,1866).
Prague Treaty(Aug,23,1866) 布拉格条约
? Prussia kept all the territories it
had captured,
? A North German Confederation
was set up under the control of
Prussia,
? A federal Diet (parliament) was
established for the states in this
North German Confederation,
The Diet would be elected and
each state could keep its own
laws and customs,
? The southern German states
formed their own
independent confederation,
? Austria promised to stay out
of German affairs,
? Austria paid compensation to
Prussia but did not lose land
to it,Prussia did not want to
weaken Austria too much
since it might be a useful ally
in the future against
Prussia's enemies,
North German Confederation (1867)
北德意志联邦
zh-CNGB23121搜索搜索
Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) 普法战争
? A French cartoon,
depicting the
German chancellor
Bismarck,with
Kaiser Wilhelm of
Germany riding a
pig (Napoleon)
down the Champs
Elysées in Paris,
France.
German Empire ( Deutsches Reich,1871 )
德意志帝国的建立
