Lecture 15,Comparison and Comparative Construction
? 8,as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
? 1） 在否定句或疑问句中可用 so… as。
? He cannot run so/as fast as you,
? 2） 当 as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式 。
? as +形容词 + a/an +单数名词 +as
? as + many/much +名词 +as
? This is as good an example as the other is,
? I can carry as much paper as you can,
? 3） 用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时, 放在
as的前面 。
? This room is twice as big as that one,
? Your room is the same size as mine,
? 4) 倍数 + as + adj,+ as <=> 倍数 + the+n,+ of
? This bridge is three times as long as that one,
? This bridge is three times the length of that one,
? Your room is twice as large as mine,
? Your room is twice the size of mine,
? 9 比较级形容词或副词 + than
? 注意,
? 1） 要避免重复使用比较级 。
? (错 ) He is more cleverer than his brother,
? (对 ) He is more clever than his brother,
? (对 ) He is clever than his brother,
? 2） 要避免将主语含在比较对象中 。
? (错 ) China is larger that any country in Asia,
? (对 ) China is larger than any other countries in Asia,
? 3） 要注意对应句型, 遵循前后一致的原则 。
? The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing,
? It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out,
? 4） 要注意冠词的使用, 后有名词的时候, 前面才有可
能有名词 。
? 比较,
? Which is large,Canada or Australia?
? Which is the larger country,Canada or Australia?
? She is taller than her two sisters,
? She is the taller of the two sisters,
? 10 可修饰比较级的词
? 1） a bit,a little,rather,much,far,by far,many,a lot,lots,a great deal,any,still,
even等
? 2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
? 3）以上词 (除 by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
? 典型例题,
? 1） ---- Are you feeling ____?
---- Yes,I'm fine now,
A,any well B,any better C,quite good D,quite better
? 答案,B,any 可修饰比较级,quite修饰原级,well的比较级为 better,
? 2） The experiment was____ easier than we had expected,
A.more B.much more C.much D.more much
? 答案,C,much可修饰比较级, 因此 B,C都说得通, 但 easier本身已是比较
级, 不需 more,因此 C为正确答案 。
? 3） If there were no examinations,we should have ___ at school,
A,the happiest time B,a more happier time
C,much happiest time D,a much happier time
? 答案,D。
? 11 many,old 和 far
? 1) 如果后接名词时, much more +不可数名词
many more +可数名词复数
? 2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式, older/oldest 和
elder/eldest。 elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系 。
? My elder brother is an engineer,
? Mary is the eldest of the three sisters,
? 3) far 有两种比较级, farther,further,在英语中两者都
可指距离 。 在美语中, farther 表示距离, further表示进
一步 。
? I have nothing further to say,
? 12 the + 最高级 + 比较范围
? 1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world,
? 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前
可不用 。
? 副词 most前面没有 the,不表示最高级的含义, 只表示 "
非常 "。
? It is a most important problem,
? =It is a very important problem,
? 注意,使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内 。
? (错 ) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers,
? (对 ) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers,
? 2) 下列词可修饰最高级, by far,far,much,mostly,almost
? This hat is nearly / almost the biggest,
? 注意,
? a,very可修饰最高级, 但位置与 much不同 。
? This is the very best,
? This is much the best,
? b,序数词通常只修饰最高级 。
? Africa is the second largest continent,
? 3) 句型转换,
? Mike is the most intelligent in his class,
? Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class,
? 4) "否定词语 +比较级 ","否定词语 + so… as"结构表示最高级含
义 。
? Nothing is so easy as this,
? =Nothing is easier than this,
? =This is the easiest thing,
? 13 和 more有关的词组
? 1) the more… the more… 越 …… 就越 ……
? The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make,
? 2) more B than A 或 less A than B 与其说 A不如说 B
? He is more lazy than slow at his work,
? = He is less slow than lazy at his work,
? 3) no more… than… 与 …… 一样 ……, 不比 …… 多
? The officials could see no more than the Emperor,
? no less… than… 与 …… 一样 ……
? He is no less diligent than you,
? 4) more than 不只是, 非常
? She is more than kind to us all,
? 典型例题
? 1） The weather in China is different from____,
A,in America B,one in America C,America
D,that in America
? 答案,D,本题意为 "中国的天气比美国热 。 "比较的是天气而不
是国家, C不能选 。 A没有名词, 后句成分不全, 排除 。 B和 D中,
B中的 one常用来代替可数名词, 而 that可车以代替不可数或抽象
名词, 所以选 D。
? 2） After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced
___ tractors in 1988 as the year before,
A,as twice many B,as many twice
C,twice as many D,twice many as
? 答案 C,此句意为 "这个厂 1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍 "。
表示倍数用 "倍数 + as + 形容词原形 + as +比较对象 "的句型 。 所
以此句答案为 C。
? This ruler is three times as long as that one,
TEM4-00
Homework
? Exercise 25A on Pages 425-426
? Exercise 25B on Pages 432-433
? Exercise 25C on Page 433
? Exercise 25D on Pages 433-434
? Exercise 25E on Pages 434-435
? Exercise 25F on Pages 438-439
? Exercise 25G on Page 439
? 预习 第 26讲 （ 440-466页）
? 8,as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
? 1） 在否定句或疑问句中可用 so… as。
? He cannot run so/as fast as you,
? 2） 当 as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式 。
? as +形容词 + a/an +单数名词 +as
? as + many/much +名词 +as
? This is as good an example as the other is,
? I can carry as much paper as you can,
? 3） 用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时, 放在
as的前面 。
? This room is twice as big as that one,
? Your room is the same size as mine,
? 4) 倍数 + as + adj,+ as <=> 倍数 + the+n,+ of
? This bridge is three times as long as that one,
? This bridge is three times the length of that one,
? Your room is twice as large as mine,
? Your room is twice the size of mine,
? 9 比较级形容词或副词 + than
? 注意,
? 1） 要避免重复使用比较级 。
? (错 ) He is more cleverer than his brother,
? (对 ) He is more clever than his brother,
? (对 ) He is clever than his brother,
? 2） 要避免将主语含在比较对象中 。
? (错 ) China is larger that any country in Asia,
? (对 ) China is larger than any other countries in Asia,
? 3） 要注意对应句型, 遵循前后一致的原则 。
? The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing,
? It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out,
? 4） 要注意冠词的使用, 后有名词的时候, 前面才有可
能有名词 。
? 比较,
? Which is large,Canada or Australia?
? Which is the larger country,Canada or Australia?
? She is taller than her two sisters,
? She is the taller of the two sisters,
? 10 可修饰比较级的词
? 1） a bit,a little,rather,much,far,by far,many,a lot,lots,a great deal,any,still,
even等
? 2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
? 3）以上词 (除 by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
? 典型例题,
? 1） ---- Are you feeling ____?
---- Yes,I'm fine now,
A,any well B,any better C,quite good D,quite better
? 答案,B,any 可修饰比较级,quite修饰原级,well的比较级为 better,
? 2） The experiment was____ easier than we had expected,
A.more B.much more C.much D.more much
? 答案,C,much可修饰比较级, 因此 B,C都说得通, 但 easier本身已是比较
级, 不需 more,因此 C为正确答案 。
? 3） If there were no examinations,we should have ___ at school,
A,the happiest time B,a more happier time
C,much happiest time D,a much happier time
? 答案,D。
? 11 many,old 和 far
? 1) 如果后接名词时, much more +不可数名词
many more +可数名词复数
? 2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式, older/oldest 和
elder/eldest。 elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系 。
? My elder brother is an engineer,
? Mary is the eldest of the three sisters,
? 3) far 有两种比较级, farther,further,在英语中两者都
可指距离 。 在美语中, farther 表示距离, further表示进
一步 。
? I have nothing further to say,
? 12 the + 最高级 + 比较范围
? 1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world,
? 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前
可不用 。
? 副词 most前面没有 the,不表示最高级的含义, 只表示 "
非常 "。
? It is a most important problem,
? =It is a very important problem,
? 注意,使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内 。
? (错 ) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers,
? (对 ) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers,
? 2) 下列词可修饰最高级, by far,far,much,mostly,almost
? This hat is nearly / almost the biggest,
? 注意,
? a,very可修饰最高级, 但位置与 much不同 。
? This is the very best,
? This is much the best,
? b,序数词通常只修饰最高级 。
? Africa is the second largest continent,
? 3) 句型转换,
? Mike is the most intelligent in his class,
? Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class,
? 4) "否定词语 +比较级 ","否定词语 + so… as"结构表示最高级含
义 。
? Nothing is so easy as this,
? =Nothing is easier than this,
? =This is the easiest thing,
? 13 和 more有关的词组
? 1) the more… the more… 越 …… 就越 ……
? The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make,
? 2) more B than A 或 less A than B 与其说 A不如说 B
? He is more lazy than slow at his work,
? = He is less slow than lazy at his work,
? 3) no more… than… 与 …… 一样 ……, 不比 …… 多
? The officials could see no more than the Emperor,
? no less… than… 与 …… 一样 ……
? He is no less diligent than you,
? 4) more than 不只是, 非常
? She is more than kind to us all,
? 典型例题
? 1） The weather in China is different from____,
A,in America B,one in America C,America
D,that in America
? 答案,D,本题意为 "中国的天气比美国热 。 "比较的是天气而不
是国家, C不能选 。 A没有名词, 后句成分不全, 排除 。 B和 D中,
B中的 one常用来代替可数名词, 而 that可车以代替不可数或抽象
名词, 所以选 D。
? 2） After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced
___ tractors in 1988 as the year before,
A,as twice many B,as many twice
C,twice as many D,twice many as
? 答案 C,此句意为 "这个厂 1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍 "。
表示倍数用 "倍数 + as + 形容词原形 + as +比较对象 "的句型 。 所
以此句答案为 C。
? This ruler is three times as long as that one,
TEM4-00
Homework
? Exercise 25A on Pages 425-426
? Exercise 25B on Pages 432-433
? Exercise 25C on Page 433
? Exercise 25D on Pages 433-434
? Exercise 25E on Pages 434-435
? Exercise 25F on Pages 438-439
? Exercise 25G on Page 439
? 预习 第 26讲 （ 440-466页）
