֬л
Chapter 6
Lipid Metabolism
֬
֬֬ܳΪ֬ lipid
֬ fat, ֬ (triglyceride,TG),
ҲƸ
֬ lipoid,
̴ cholesterol
̴ cholesterol ester,CE
֬ phospholipid,PL
֬ glycolipid,GL
һ֬ĸ
,
O O
R-C-OH + HO-R R-C-O-R
H2O



ester,ʹˮIJ
ʹˮɵ,
ˮлܼģΪ
õл
֬ lipid


֬
ͣ Glycerol
룩̴ (Free) Cholesterol,FC
ʰ Sphingosine
룩֬
(Free) Fatty acid,(F)FA
ͼ

֬




֬ Glycolipid GL
Free Cholesterol (ester),FC (CE)
̴ --̴
֬ķ
Phospholipid PL ֬
Lipid
֬
֬
Fat
Lipoid
֬
ͣ
( Triglyceride Triacylglycerol TG )

֬
(phosphoglycerides)
̴ FA ̴
֬ʵĻ
FA
FA
FA


FA
FA
Pi X

X=ˮ,Ҵ˿
ᡢ,
֬
͵
֬
֬
֬
FA



FA
Pi X



FA




ֲ
֬,

95
֬֯
Ѫ

2ṩ֬
3ٽ֬ά

5
6Ѫ֬
֬,
,
̴
֬
5 Ĥ
,
Ѫ
1άĤĽṹ͹
2̴ת̴
ءάء֭
3Ѫ֬
֬Դ,
ϳ ֬ʽ, Ҫʱ֬Ա,
Ϊ ֬ ֬
ʳ﹩ ֬, һЩ ֬,
ﲻϳ, ֲȡ
* ֬
, , ϩ ȶ಻֬
岻ȱӪ, ֲϳ,
ʳȡ, ʳƱ֬
һ
֬
֬
, 1,黯֭Ρһ,
Ͷ 黯ã
2øĴ߻
λ, ҪС϶
̼Ӧø
黯 ø

ʳе֬
2-һ + 2 FFA
֬ Ѫ֬ + FFA ֬ø A2
̴ ̴ø ̴ + FFA
֬ø
֬ø
΢
(micelles)
֬֬һ
, ֬, ̴Ѫ֬, Լδ
ֽĸ뵨֭, 黯ɸС
΢ mixed micelles),ױճ
Ĥϸ
֬
λ, ʮָ¶μճ϶
ʽ,
֬ṹɵ TG

֬ø + FFA
ž Ѫѭ
ճĤ
ϸ
֬ἰ 2-һ TG
ܰ͹ Ѫѭ
̴֬ CE
΢ CM
TG,CE,PL +
֬ (apo)
B48,C,A, A
Ѫ֬֬ PL
ճĤϸ
һ;,
CoA + RCOOH RCOCoA ֬ CoAϳø
ATP AMP PPi
CoA
תø
CoA R2COCoA
CH2O-C-R3
CH2O-C-R2
CHO-C-R1
O =
O =
O =
CH2OH
CH2O-C-R2
CHO-C-R1
O =
O =
CH2OH
CH2OH
CHO-C-R1
O =
R3COCoA CoA
CoA
תø
ڶ
л
һĻѧ
1.1 ֬ṹ
1.3 ֬
1.2 ֬ķֲ뺬
1.1 TGṹ
O
CH2-OH HO-C-R1
O
CH-OH + HO-C-R2
O
CH2-OH HO-C-R3
( ) ֬
3H2O
O
CH2-O-C-R1
O
R2-C-O-CH
O
CH2-O-C-R3

A,
+1*֬ һ MG
+2*֬ Ͷ DG
+3*֬ TG
B,
R1,R2,R3ͬҲɲͬ
C,
R1,R2,R3DZ֬,
ҲDz֬ᡣ R2ͨ
Ϊ֬ᡣ
D, R1,R2,R3IJͬ
ɸֲͬ TG
֬
ɸ֬
Ӳ֬ᣨ 18̼
ᣨ 16̼ ֬
֬
,18:2 9,12
,18:3 9,12,15
ϩ, 20:4 5,8,11,14
ijЩ֬ᣨᡢ
ᡢϩᣩ
ϳɣֲȡǶ
ﲻȱٵӪأΪ֬ᡣ
֬ essential fatty acid
1.2 TGķֲ뺬
1.2.1 ֲ,
Ƥ¡ĤϵĤΧ
Ĥ
1.2.2 ,
Լռص 10-20%ɱ֬
1.2.3 Ѫ,
ոѪ TG,0.11-1.69 1.13
mmol/L
10-150 100 mg/dL
1.3 TG
A,9.3 kcal/gʱṩ
17-25%ոʱ 50%ʳ
ʱ 85%
BܣڴܵҪʽ

D̶ࣺ
Eٽ֬άصա
Fǰءϩʵĺϳɡ
ĺϳɴл
2.1 ϳɲλ
2.2 ϳԭ
2.3
2.1 ϳɲλ
2.1.1 ϸ,ϳǿ

A,ԭԴѪҺѭԭ
Ǵл
B,л;Ͷ;
C,ʽܶ֬
VLDL
֬
ָ򲡱䵼 TG˳⣬
ڸڶѻļ
ҪУ֬ࡢ
Ӫжȱ֬ᡢ
򵰰ʡ
2.1.2 СճĤϸ,
A,ԭԴʳ֬
B,л;һ;
C,ʽ΢ CM
2.1.3 ֬֯,
A,ԭԴѪҺѭ
B,л;Ͷ;
C,ʽ,
ϳɵ TG֬ϸ档
Ҫ TGʱͨ ֬Ա
ѪҺ
ͼ

֬


л


2.2 ϳԭ
A,ͺ֬ҪǴл
B,CMе FFAʳ֬
2.3
2.3.1 һ;,
---СճĤϸ
2.3.2 ;,
---ڸϸ֬ϸ
һ;
CoA + RCOOH RCOCoA ֬ CoAϳø
ATP AMP PPi
CoA
תø
CoA R2COCoA
CH2O-C-R3
CH2O-C-R2
CHO-C-R1
O =
O =
O =
CH2OH
CH2O-C-R2
CHO-C-R1
O =
O =
CH2OH
CH2OH
CHO-C-R1
O =
R3COCoA CoA
CoA
תø




;

Pi CH2O-
CH2OH
CHOH
3 -
CoA
תø
CoA R1COCoA
O =
Pi CH2O-
CH2O-C-R1
CHOH
1- -3 -
CoA
תø
CoA R2COCoA
O =
Pi CH2O-
CH2O-C-R1
CHO-C-R2
O =
֬
CH2OH
CH2O-C-R1
CHO-C-R2
O =
O =
1,2-Ͷ
֬
ø
Pi
CoA
תø
CoA R3COCoA CH
2O-C-R3
CH2O-C-R1
CHO-C-R2
O =
O =
O =

TAC
֬Ա
-
ǽͽ;
ͪ ͪ
ֽлĸſ
DZͪ
ͪ
֬
a-
CO2+H2O CoA
ͪ

, ֬ϸе֬, ֬øˮ
Ϊ FFA , ͷѪԹ
֯õĹ
ؼø,
Ը֬ø
(hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase,HSL)
(һ )֬Ա
ķֽл
֬⼤,
ٽ ֬Աļ, ȸѪ
, ȥ, ACTH, TSH
Կ֬⼤,
֬Ա,ȵءǰ E2
ȡ
֬Ա,
֬⼤ --R G AC
ATP
cAMP PKA +
+ + HSLa(޻ )
HSLb(л ) TG DG һ

FFA FFA
FFA
Ͷ֬ø
һ֬ø
HSL-----Ը֬ø
֬Աȥ,
------ѪΡ֯,

Ρͼø
ATP AMP NAD+ NADH+H+
ǽͽ;
CH2OH
CH2OH
CHOH
Pi CH2O-
CH2OH
CHOH
Pi CH2O-
CH2OH
C=O
FFA------׵׽ϣѪȫ֯
(ġΡΪ )
ø
(֬ -
֯, ֯,֯ɽ
У Ρ Ծ
ϸ, Һ
λ
,
1.֬Ļ ------֬ CoA Һ
֬ CoAϳø
ATP AMP PPi ֬ ~SCoA
RCH2CH2C~SCoA
O
+ CoA-SH
֬
RCH2CH2C-OH
O
Ĥ ֬ CoAϳø
(acyl-CoA synthetase )
ؼø
2,֬ CoA

3֬ CoA

ˮ


RCH2CH2C~SCoA
O
RC~SCoA
O
+ CH3CO~SCoA
֬ CoA
L(+)-֬ CoA
ͪ֬ CoA
֬ CoA+ CoA
֬ CoA
ø
S 2--ϩ CoA
L(+)-֬
CoAø
NAD +
NADH+H +
S 2--ϩ֬ CoA
ˮø
H2O
FAD
FADH2
ͪ֬ CoA
ø CoA-SH
RCHOHCH2C~SCoA
O
RCOCH2C~SCoA
O
RCH=CHC~SCoA
O
* IJPȥ·
CoA
ϳͪ
ѭ
CO2 NADH+H+, FADH2
NADH+H +
FADH2 H2O

2ATP
H2O

3ATP
,16̼֬
, 2
,
ÿѭ ĸظ, ⡢ˮ⡢
, 1 CoA
1 ̼ԭӵ֬ CoA
1 NADH+H+, 1 FADH2
7 ѭ,8 CoA
7 NADH+H+, 7 FADH2
, 12× 8+7× 3+ 7× 2 = 131ATP
131 2 = 129ATP
CH 3 ( C H 2 ) 7 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C
O
S C o A
CH 3 ( C H 2 ) 7 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C
O
S C o A
CH 3 C
O
S C o A
CH 3 ( C H 2 ) 7 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C
O
C o A
CH 3 C
O
S C o A
CH 3 ( C H 2 ) 7 C H 2 C
O
S C o A
CH 3 C
O
C o A
CH 3 C
O
S C o A5
RCH2CH2C~SCoA
O
RCH=CHC~SCoA
O
RCHOHCH2C~SCoA
O
RCOCH2C~SCoA
O
RC~SCoA
O
+ CH3CO~SCoA
֬ CoA
ø
L(+)-֬
CoAø
NAD+
NADH+H+
S --ϩ CoA
ˮø
2 H
2O
FAD
FADH2
ͪ֬ CoA
ø CoA-SH
RCH2CH2C-OH
O
RCH2CH2C~SCoA
O
֬ CoA
ϳø


ת



ATP
CoASH
AMP
PPi H2O

2 ATP
H2O

3 ATP



Ĥ
TAC
֬ʽ
֬
֬

˳ S 3--ϩ CoA
˳ S 2--ϩ CoA
S 2--ϩ CoA
S 3˳ -S 2ϩ CoA
칹ø

L(+)-֬ CoA D(-)-֬ CoA
D(-)-֬ CoA
ø
H2O
CoA (
S9 ˳,S 12˳ ) 3
ʮ̼ϩ֬ CoA (
S3 ˳,S 6˳
ʮ̼ϩ֬ CoA (
S2 ,S 6˳
1
34
5
6
CH 3
c
O
SC o A
2
7
CH 3 c O
S C o A
1
2
3
4
5
67
S3 ˳,S2 -ϩ֬
CoA칹ø
CH 3
c
O
S C o A
18 12 9
1
2
CH 3 c O
S C o A123
̼ϩ֬ CoA(S2 ˳ )
D(+)--ǰ̼֬ CoA
L(-)--ǰ̼֬ CoA
4 CoA
4
-֬ CoA
ø
ϩ֬ CoA
ˮø
1 2 C H
3 c
O H
O
SCoA 3
CCH 3 S C o A
OH
O
123
֬ (C20 C22)
֬
ø壩
֬ø (FAD)
϶



,
Ile Met Thr Val
̼֬
̴
CH3CH2CO~CoA
Ȼø
ATPأ
CO2
D-׻ CoA L-׻ CoA
ø
λø 5?-ܰ
CoA TAC
ͪ (ketone bodies)
, ( acetoacetate )
-Ƕ ( -hydroxybutyrate )
ͪ ( acetone )
Ѫˮƽ, 0.03~0.5mmol/L(0.3~5mg/dl)
лλ,
ɣϸ
ã֯ġԡȣ
( ) ͪɺ
CH3CSCoA
= O CH3CSCoA
= O
CH3CCH2CSCoA
( CoA)
= O = O
HOCCH2CCH2CSCoA
(HMGCoA) CH3
OH
Ǽ׻ᵥ CoA
= O = O
CH3CCH2COH

= O = O
CH3CCH3
ͪ
= O
CO2
CH3CHCH2COOH
D(-)--Ƕ
OH
CoASH
CoASH
NAD+ NADH+H+

ø
HMGCoA
ϳø
CoA
ø
HMGCoA
ѽø
ͪ
CH3CHCH2COOH
D(-)--Ƕ
OH
NAD+
NADH+H+
CH3CCH2COH

= O = O
CoA
CH3CCH2CSCoA (
CoA)
= O = O
CoASH+ATP
PPi+AMP
CoASH
CH3CSCoA
= O
2
ͪ
CoA
תø
CoA
ø
2 CoA CoA
CoA

HMGCoA
D(-)--Ƕ
ͪ
CoA
CoA
ͪɺõʾͼ,
ͪɵ,
a,ͪ Դ һʽ
ͪͨѪ, ֯
ҪԴ
b,ͪõӿɼǵ,
άѪǺ㶨, ʡʵ
ͪ
* ʳӰ Ҫͨصã
֬Ա
FFA
ȸѪص
֬⼤
ͪ
֬
ʳ ȵ ֬⣬֬Ա
ε֬ ֬ ͪ
* ǴлӰ
Ǵл
ʢ
FFAҪ TG֬
CoA ֬תø ?֬
CoA壬֬ ͪ١
CoA
+
CoAȻø
CoA
֮Ǵл֬ ͪɾǿ
ġ֬ĺϳɴл
֯, (Ҫ ),֬֯
ϸ,
Һ,Ҫϳ 16̼֬ ( )
塢, ̼ӳ
1,ϳɲλ,
һ֬ĺϳɴл
NADPHԴ,
; (ҪԴ )
Һ ø ƻø ߻ķӦ
CoA,ATP,HCO3, NADPH,Mn2+
2,ϳԭ,
CoAҪԴ,
Glc CoA
CoAȫڲͨ -ͪѭ ( citrate
pyruvate cycle )
Ҫ



Ĥ
Һ
ͪ ͪ
ƻ


CoA
NADPH+H+
NADP+ ƻø
CoA
CoA
ATP
AMP PPi
ATPѽø
CoA

H2O
ϳø
ƻ
(1) CoAĺϳ
ø - -CO2 + CoA ø - + CoA
ܷӦ,
CoA + ADP + Pi ATP + HCO3- + CoA
3,֬ϳɵĹ,
ø - + HCO3- ø - - CO2
ADP+Pi ATP
CoAȻø (acetyl CoA carboxylase)֬ϳɵ
øڰҺ丨 ,Mn2+伤
(2) ֬ϳ
CoA CoAϳɳ֬ᣬһ
ظӳɹ̣ÿӳ 2̼ԭӡ
ϳ֬Ĺ̻ơ
* ֬ĺϳɹ
* CoA CE-S-
(ø )
CoA ACP-S-
* ֬ϳø ACP
SH
󳦸˾,
7ø (֬ת
ø, CoAתø,
ͪ֬ϳø, ͪ֬
ԭø, ֬ˮø, ֬
ϩԭøø ),ۺ
һ𹹳ɶøϵ
嵰 (ACP),
֬, 丨 CoA-
SHͬ, 4-᷺

ߵȶ,
7øԶһ, ๦ø,
һ룻лԵøΪͬǻβ
ɵĶ
ṹ,
ϵλ
ԭλ
֬ͷŵλ
* ,ͷų 1 CO2
*
* ԭ

*ٻԭ
*ת λ
E2- -SHת
E1- -SH
7ѭӦÿμ
һ̼ԭӣ
ͳᡣ
ܷӦ,
CH3COSCoA
+
7 HOOCH2COSCoA
+
14NADPH+H+
CH3(CH2)14COOH
+
7 CO2 + 6H2O
+
8HSCoA + 14NADP+
( ) ̼֬ӳ
̼֬ӳøϵ
Ա CoAΪ̼λ, NADPH+H+ ⾭,
, ˮ, ټһַӦ 2̼ԭ, ϳɹ
֬ϳ, ֬ CoASH ϽзӦ, ӳ 24̼,
18̼Ӳ֬Ϊ
̼֬ӳøϵ
CoAΪ̼λ, NADPH+H+ ,
淴Ӧ, - ϩԭø, һַӦ 2
̼ԭ, ӳ 24̼ 26̼, Ӳ֬
֬ĺϳ
, 4,5,8,9ȥøǶ,
Ӵϵͳ롣
ֲ, 9,12,15 ȥø
1 CoAȻø ,
𹹵
Ƽ֬ CoA֬ CoA

۵
ȸѪ PKAʹ֮ữʧ
ȵ ͨ׵øʹ֮ȥữ
øΪø
ִʽ ޻ 4
л 60~80
ģ֬ϳɵĵ
֬ϳ
+ ֬ϳ
ʳӰ,
ʳ
ص,
+ ֬ϳ ȵ
ȸѪ


֬ϳ
TGϳ
2֬ϳɵ ,
಻֬Ҫ
ǰ (PG) Ѫ˨ f (TXA2) ϩ (LTs)
Prostaglandin thromboxaneA2 leukotrienes
ѧṹ,
PG ߶ʮ̼IJ֬ᣬǰΪǼܣһ
̼
PG ̼ȡ˫λòͬ 9 ,
TX ǰǼܣ̼Ϊ f
LT ĸ˫
λ,
PG ϸ
ȫ֯
TX ѪС
LT ϸ
ԭ ,
ϩ
,
PG,TX,LTĺϳ
PG,TXĺϳ
,
PGE2 շ֢پֲѪ
PGE2,PGA2 ʹƽŶѪѹ
PGF2 ʹѳƽѣʹӹ
ǿٷ
TXA2 ǿҴѪСۼʹѪѪ˨ɡ
LT ӦӦʣɵڰϸ


֬ л
֬
֬

֬ -----и͹ɵ (ں֬ )
֬ ---- ʰɵ֬
X= ˮҴ˿,
֬͡͵
FA
FA
Pi X

FA
Pi X



һ֬Ĵл
, ֬͡ᡢ֬
ṹ, CH2O-C-R1
R2C-O-CH
CH2O-P-OX
O
O
O
OH Ϊϩ
һ
ͷ
ˮβ
Ĥ֬˫
Ӳ㡣

һ֬ (phosphoglycerides)ĸſ,
Phosphatidyl inositol
cardiolipin
Phosphatidyl serine
֬ĺϳ
ϳɲλ, ȫ֯Ρ֯
Ծ
ϳԭϼ,
֬ᡢ͡Ρ˿ᡢ
ATP,CTP
ϳɻ, Ͷϳ;
CDP-Ͷϳ;
Ͷ֬ϳ;,
* Ҫϳ֬֬Ҵ
* ҴȻ
CDP-Ͷ
֬ϳ;
CDP-Ͷ


֬
CH2O-C-R1
R2C-O-CH
CH2O-P-OX
O
O
O
OH R1,R2Ϊ֬

ɷ Ƥϸϳɣɽͷݱ
֬Ľ ֬ø (phospholipase,PLA)
CH2O-C-R1
R2C-O-CH
CH2O-P-O X
O
O
O
OH CH2O-C - R1
HO-CH
CH2O-P-O X
O
O
OH
CH2OH
R2C-O-CH
CH2O-P-O X
O
O
OH
PLA1
PLA2
PLC
PLD
PLB2
PLB1
֬ (sphingolipids),
ʰ (sphingosine)ʰ֬ࡣ
һѧɼṹ
֬Ĵл
X----֬,
֬Ҵ
ǻ
ȡ XIJͬ֬Ϊ֬
֬Ĵл
1,ʰĺϳ
λ ȫϸ֯Ծ
ԭ ֬ CoA˿ᡢȩ
NADPH+H+ FADH2
2,֬ĺϳ
CoA
˿
3-ͪʰ
ʰ
N-֬ʰ




N-֬ʰ
֬
֬
3,֬Ľ
ԡΡƢϸøе
֬ø (PLC)
֬
N-֬ʰ
֬
,
Ľ
л
* ̴ (cholesterol)ṹ
̴ͬṹ,

H
H
H
H
HA
B
C
D
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14 15
16
17

ﵨ̴ (27̼ )
ֲ (29̼ ) ĸ (28̼ )
* ̴
ĤҪɷ,ԿĤ
Ҫã
Ǻϳɵ֭ᡢ̴ؼά D
ʵǰ
* ̴ںֲ
, Լ 140
, 㷺ֲȫ֯
Լ ? ֲ, ֯
, , , Ƥ, ֬֯Ҳ϶
֯ϵ
, ѳȺϳ̴ص庬ϸ
ʽ, 뵨̴
̴
һ,̴ĺϳ
֯λ,궯֯ϸ⣬
ȫ֯ɺϳɣԸ, СΪ
ϸλ, Һ
һϳɲλ
1ӵ̴
18 CoA + 36ATP + 16(NADPH+H+)
Ǿ;
CoAͨ -ͪѭ
ϳԭ,
ϳɻ,
CoA
CoA
Ǽ׻ᵥ CoA
ᣨ MVA
ø
(Һ )
HMG-CoAϳø
(Һ )
HMG-CoAԭø
( )
ϳɵ̴
ø
1,
ĺϳ
2,ϩĺϳ
3,̴ĺϳ
ģ̴ϳɵĵ
HMGCoAԭø
* øĻԾҹ (ҹ,
* ɱữʧɻָ
* ̴ܵķ
* ȵء״յ HMGCOAԭøĺϳ
,̴ת
1תΪ֭ᣨ bile acid ࣩ
2תΪ̴
3תΪ 7 - ̴ Ƥ
̴ĸ ڲܱ⣬
ɱԭ򽵽⣬ʵ̴ֵת
Ƥʡغ衢ѳڷ٣

Ѫ֬״л
һѪ ֬
, Ѫ֬ͳѪ֬
̴֬Լ֬ᡣ
Դ,
Դ ---- ʳȡ
Դ ---- Ρ֬ϸ֯ϳɺͷѪ
* Ѫ֬ʳ䡢Աְҵл
ȵӰ죬Χܴ
뺬,
֬ 400~700mg/dl
10~150mg/dl ( 0.11 ~ 1.69 mmol/L)
֬ 150~250mg/dl (48.44 ~ 80.73 mmol/L)
̴ܵ 100~250mg/dl ( 2.59 ~ 6.47 mmol/L)
֬ 5~20mg/dl ( 0.195 ~ 0.805 mmol/L)
Ѫ֬׵ķࡢɼṹ

Ӿ,
,CM,VLDL,LDL,HDL
Ѫ֬Ѫеĵʽϣ֬ (lipoprotein)
ʽ䡣
CM VLDL LDL HDL
ܶ 0.95 0.95~1.006 1.006~1.063 1.063~1.210


֬

TG,
80~90%
TG
50~70%
̴
,
40~50%
֬
50%



,1% 5~10% 20~25% ࣬Լ 50%
֬

apoB48, E
A, A A,
C C, C
apoB100,C,
C C, E
apoB100 apo A, A
Ѫ֬׵ ص
Ѫ֬׵Ľṹ
ˮԽǿ TG
̴λں
߼ԼǼԻŵ
֬ס֬뵨
ԵӲǼ
ˮڲˮ
ϵԻų⡣
֬ (apolipoprotein,apo)
, Ѫ֬еĵʲ֡
(18 ),apoA,A, A, A
apoB,B100, B48
apoC,C, C, C
apoD
apoE
3֬׿ɵ֬״лؼø,
A LCAT (̴֬תø )
C LPL (֬֬ø )
A LPL
C LPL
A HL (֬ø )
2֬׿ɲ֬ʶ,
A ʶ HDL
B100,E ʶ LDL
,
1,Ϻת֬ʣȶ֬׵Ľṹ
ġѪ֬׵Ĵл
һ΢ CM chylomicron
Сϳɵ TG
ϳɼյ֬,
̴
+ apoB48, A, A, A
Դ,
л,
CM CM CM
LPL
ϸȡ
(apoE )
FFA ֯
Ѫ Һ
֯ëϸѪƤϸ棩
LPL(֬֬ø )
ʹ CMе TG֬ˮ⣬͡
FAѪ֬ȣ apoC ܼ
CM, Դ TG̴
ܶ֬ VLDL
Դ, ϸ Glcϳɵ TG
ʳP֬Ա FAϳɵ
TG̴֬
+ apoB100,E
л, VLDL VLDL LDL LPL
LPL,HL
LPL ֬֬ø,HL ֬ø
, Դ TG
FFA
֯
FFA
ܶ֬ LDL
(low density lipoprotein)
Դ, VLDLת
л,
1,LDLл;
LDL㷺ֲڸζϸȫ
֯ϸĤ,ʶ𡢽Ϻ apoE apoB100
֬ףֳ apoB,E塣
ACAT---- ֬ CoA
̴֬תø
2,LDLķл;
Ѫе LDLϸ
, ת˸κϳɵԴԵ̴
* ÿ콵 45% LDL 2/3 LDL
;,1/3ɾϸ
΢,VLDL
LDLĴл
ģܶ֬ HDL
(high density lipoprotein)
Դ, ҪڸκϳɣСɺϳɣ
CM,VLDLлʱ apo A, A, A ,
C̴֬뿪γ HDL
(ܶ ),HDL1
HDL2
HDL3
л,
HDL
ϸĤ CM VLDL
֬,̴
CM VLDL
apoC apoE
HDL3 LCAT HDL2
CM VLDL
֬ apoA A
VLDL LDL
CE
CETP
LCAT̴֬תø
CETP̴ת˵
HDLϸĤ SR B1϶ȡ,
CE HDL תƵ VLDL
HDL תƵ
̴ ڸתɵֱ֭֭ͨų⡣
LCAT ------ ̴תø
CETP ------ ̴ת˵
ʹ HDL֬ 2λ֬תƵ̴
3λǻѪ̴֬
ʹ̴ HDLں
ʹ HDL
HDL,
̴Ӹ֯ת (̴ת )
HDL apoĴ⡣
LCATã apoA ,
LCAT
塢Ѫ֬״л쳣
1,֬Ѫ֢ Ѫ֬ڲοֵޡ
(ո 14~16h ) TG > 2.26mmol/l 200mg/dl
̴ > 6.21mmol/l 240mg/dl
ͯ ̴ > 4.14mmol/l 160mg/dl
ϱ׼,
,
1 ֬׼Ѫ֬ı
2 ,ԭ ( )
̷ (̷ )
2.Ŵȱ
ѷ֬״лؼø LPL LCAT
֬ apoC, B,E,A, C,֬
LDLȵŴȱݣij
Щ֬Ѫ֢ķӻơ

End of Chapter 6