ʮ
ʴлϵ
Contact & Regulation of substance
metabolism
һ
ʴлص
1.1
1.2 л
1.3 ֯ʴлɫ
1.4 ִлиԹͬĴл
1.5 ATPǻõ ͬʽ
1.6 NADPHǺϳɴлĻԭ
ʴлص,
1.1
֬
ˮ
ά
ʴл֮以ϵ
мл
й
1.2 л
ڴлǿȡ
ٶ
ϱ仯 Ӱл
Ӧı仯
1.3 ֯
ṹͬ
øϵͬ
ͬ
֯
л;
ܸ
1.4 ִлиԵĴл
,
յ
ԭֽ
֯
Ѫ
л
-ͪ
Ѱ
ͪ
Ȼ
лת
(ʡव )
ϳ
ʳﵰ
֯
ֽ
ںϳɰ
(DZ谱 )
л
1.5 ATPǻõĹͬʽ
Ӫ
ͷ
ADP+Pi
ATP
ֱ
1.6 NADPHǺϳɴлĻԭ
,
CoA ????
NADPH + H + ֬,
̴
ڶ
ʴлϵ
һлϵϵ
֬
Ӫ
CoA
ͬ
TAC
2H + 2e +
ATP
CoA
ͬ
лͨ·
ӹܽǶȿӪؿ
棬Լ
ֽ֬ ?
ATP ?
ATP/ ADP ?
һ
6-Ǽø
һ
Ƿֽ ?
ʳ﹩Ӧʱ,
ԭֽ ?,ԭֽ ?
?, ʷֽ ?
֬ᡢֽͪ Ϊ
1 ~ 2
3 ~ 4
һ£ ǡ֬ Ϊ
ǡ֬͵֮ϵ
2.1 Ǵл֬лϵ
2.2 Ǵл백лϵ
2.4 ǡʴлϵ
2.3 ֬л백лϵ
2.1 Ǵл֬лϵ
ֽл
CoA
,
ϳ֬
? ȡʳɵ·ֺѪ TG,
ϳԭ
? ֬ĸͲתΪ
֬ CoA ͪ
֬
ͼø
Ρ
3-
? ֬ķֽлǴлӰ
ǹӦǴлϰʱ,
֬Ա ? ͪ ?
ͪѪ֢
TAC ?
2.2 Ǵл백лϵ
,
ͪ Ѱ
? ְ leu,lys Ѱ,
-ͪᣬתΪ
? Ǵлмɰ
ijЩDZ谱
ͪ CoA
-ͪ
춬
Ȱ
2.3 ֬л백лϵ
? ˵֬תΪ
֬ ȩ
ǽͽ;
ͪ
-ͪ
ijЩDZ谱
CoA ֬
? ʿתΪ֬
? Ϊϳ֬ԭ
˿ ˿֬
֬
֬
2.4 ǡʴлϵ
? ںϳɺҪԭ
ʰ
춬 Ȱ
һ̼λ
ϳ ϳ
? ;ṩ
CoA
Ӻ
-ͪ
CoA
ͪ
PEP
ǻԭ
- ֬
֬
CoA
װ
˿
հ
ɫ
ɫ
춬
춬
Ұ
˿ հ Ӱ
ͪ
Ұ ɫ
Ȱ
Ȱ
鰱 Ӱ
CO2
CO2
֬
л
ϵ
T A C
֯ٵĴлص㼰ϵ
֬
ˮ
ά ϳɡԭ
ԭֽΪ
ṩѪǣ
ϳ TG,PL,Ch
ϳͪ壻
ϳ VLDL,HDL
LDL,CM
ϳ ͽѪ
ϳأ
ֽл
ͪ
֬
;Ϊ
ܴࡣ
ΪҪԴ
֬ᣬǹ
Ӧʱͪ塣
ϳɡԭ
ԭֽⲻṩǣ
ͨ֬ΪҪܷʽ
˶ʱǽͽΪ
Ҫǽͽ
ϸ
ϳɡ֬
ֽ֬֬ᡢͣ
֯
֬֯
Ҳɽͪ
Ҫǽͽ
ƤҪ֬,
ͪ
? лձ
ϸ
ͨϸڴлŨȵı
øԼ
ԭʼ /ϸˮƽ
ߵ
ϸˮƽл
ˮƽл
ˮƽл
һϸˮƽĴл
1.1 ϸøĸֲ
1.2 ؼøı乹
1.3 øĻѧε
1.4 øĵ
1.1 ϸøĸֲ
1.1.1 л;һϵøٷӦɣ
øɶøϵ
1.1.2 øϵԷֲϸڵӦ
лϸṹУֲ
л;Ļš
1.1.3 л;ٶȡйؼ
ø key enzyme Ļġл
ҪͨԹؼøԵĵʵ֡
øϵϸڵķֲ
øϵ ֲ
ǽͽ Һ
ԭϳ
ѭ
Һ ̴ϳ
غϳ 塢Һ
Һ
֬ϳ Һ
øϵ ֲ
֬ ?
֬ϳ
ữ
; Һ
Һ
ؼøķӦص,
A,ٶл;ٶȡ
ֳ ø ?limiting velocity enzymes?
BӦƽⷴӦ
л;ķ
Cܵ⣬ִܶл
ЧӦĵڡ
ؼøԵĵ
ٵ
ٻ
롢
Сʱ
øṹ
ĵ
øĵ
乹
ѧε
1.2 ؼøı乹
1.2.1 йظ
Сӻøӻij
һλ,øӹ仯
Ӷıø ĻԣֵڳΪø 乹
( allosteric regulation )
乹øø allosteric enzyme
乹ЧӦ ? allosteric effector ?
乹
乹Ƽ
乹ø
ǻ C
ǻ R
乹ЧӦ,ղ
СӴл
1.2.2 乹ڵĻ
乹ЧӦ + øĵǻ
øĹı
ǻۺ
ǻ
øӶ øĻԸı
Aʹղﲻɹ
CoA CoAȻø CoA
֬ CoA C
1.2.3
B乹ʹЧ
G- 6- P
C +
ԭữø
ǵ
ԭϳø
ٽǵĴ
CʹͬĴл;Э
C +
Ǽø
ǵ
ø AȻø
ٽ֬ĺϳ
1.3 øĻѧε
øijЩлøĴ·
(covalent modification),
øԸı䣬ֵڳΪø ѧ
( chemical modifacation )
1.3.1
ữ - - - ȥ
- - -
- - - ȥ
ջ - - -
SH CSSC
1.3.2 Ҫʽ
øữ
Thr
Ser
Tyr
-OH
ø
H2O Pi
ø
ATP ADP
ø
3
Thr
Ser
Tyr
-O-PO 2-
ø
A,, ܼصĵ
1.3.3 ص
BзŴЧӦЧʽϱ乹ڸߡ
DijЩøͬʱб乹ںͻѧ
εڡ
Cữ
1.4 øĵ
1.4.1 øϳɵյ
յ inductor
repressor
÷ʽ,
Aøϳɵյ
Bøϳɵ
Cضøϳɵյ
Dҩøϳɵյ
ͨıøӵĽٶȣҲ
ܵøĺ
1.4.2 ø
ͷŵˮø⵰
ʶ𡢽ϵʣ
ʷػ
ˮø⵰
ø
ø
ˮƽĴл
2.1 صĵ
2.3 صĵڻ
2.2 صķ
ڡı ֯
ϸ
ϵ ϸѧЧӦ
2.1 صĵ
ϸIJλͬ
2.2 صķ
Ĥ弤
弤
Ĥ
ʽ,
2.3 صĵڻ
ʽ
ˮƽĴл
3.1
3.2 Ӧ
ԭ Ѫ ?
ȵ ?,ȸѪ ?
һϵеĴл仯,
3.1
3.1.1 ڼ 1-3죩
A,ʴл仯,
ֽǿ
B,Ǵл仯,
ǿ,
֯ý
C,֬л仯,
֬Աǿͪ
A,ʴл仯, ֽ
B,Ǵл仯,
ҪԭΪᡢͪ
ǿ
C,֬л仯, ֬Աһǿ
֯ͪ
3.1.2 ڼ 3ϣ
Ӧ stress ָܵһЩ
ѰĴ̼,ˡʹ,
ȱжȾ
һϵзӦ,״̬,
3.2 Ӧ
3.2.1
˷
ʼƤʼ ?
ȸѪ ? ?ȵ ?
3.2.2 巴Ӧ
A,Ѫ
B,֬Աǿ
C,ʷֽǿ
3.2.3 лı
ʴлϵ
Contact & Regulation of substance
metabolism
һ
ʴлص
1.1
1.2 л
1.3 ֯ʴлɫ
1.4 ִлиԹͬĴл
1.5 ATPǻõ ͬʽ
1.6 NADPHǺϳɴлĻԭ
ʴлص,
1.1
֬
ˮ
ά
ʴл֮以ϵ
мл
й
1.2 л
ڴлǿȡ
ٶ
ϱ仯 Ӱл
Ӧı仯
1.3 ֯
ṹͬ
øϵͬ
ͬ
֯
л;
ܸ
1.4 ִлиԵĴл
,
յ
ԭֽ
֯
Ѫ
л
-ͪ
Ѱ
ͪ
Ȼ
лת
(ʡव )
ϳ
ʳﵰ
֯
ֽ
ںϳɰ
(DZ谱 )
л
1.5 ATPǻõĹͬʽ
Ӫ
ͷ
ADP+Pi
ATP
ֱ
1.6 NADPHǺϳɴлĻԭ
,
CoA ????
NADPH + H + ֬,
̴
ڶ
ʴлϵ
һлϵϵ
֬
Ӫ
CoA
ͬ
TAC
2H + 2e +
ATP
CoA
ͬ
лͨ·
ӹܽǶȿӪؿ
棬Լ
ֽ֬ ?
ATP ?
ATP/ ADP ?
һ
6-Ǽø
һ
Ƿֽ ?
ʳ﹩Ӧʱ,
ԭֽ ?,ԭֽ ?
?, ʷֽ ?
֬ᡢֽͪ Ϊ
1 ~ 2
3 ~ 4
һ£ ǡ֬ Ϊ
ǡ֬͵֮ϵ
2.1 Ǵл֬лϵ
2.2 Ǵл백лϵ
2.4 ǡʴлϵ
2.3 ֬л백лϵ
2.1 Ǵл֬лϵ
ֽл
CoA
,
ϳ֬
? ȡʳɵ·ֺѪ TG,
ϳԭ
? ֬ĸͲתΪ
֬ CoA ͪ
֬
ͼø
Ρ
3-
? ֬ķֽлǴлӰ
ǹӦǴлϰʱ,
֬Ա ? ͪ ?
ͪѪ֢
TAC ?
2.2 Ǵл백лϵ
,
ͪ Ѱ
? ְ leu,lys Ѱ,
-ͪᣬתΪ
? Ǵлмɰ
ijЩDZ谱
ͪ CoA
-ͪ
춬
Ȱ
2.3 ֬л백лϵ
? ˵֬תΪ
֬ ȩ
ǽͽ;
ͪ
-ͪ
ijЩDZ谱
CoA ֬
? ʿתΪ֬
? Ϊϳ֬ԭ
˿ ˿֬
֬
֬
2.4 ǡʴлϵ
? ںϳɺҪԭ
ʰ
춬 Ȱ
һ̼λ
ϳ ϳ
? ;ṩ
CoA
Ӻ
-ͪ
CoA
ͪ
PEP
ǻԭ
- ֬
֬
CoA
װ
˿
հ
ɫ
ɫ
춬
춬
Ұ
˿ հ Ӱ
ͪ
Ұ ɫ
Ȱ
Ȱ
鰱 Ӱ
CO2
CO2
֬
л
ϵ
T A C
֯ٵĴлص㼰ϵ
֬
ˮ
ά ϳɡԭ
ԭֽΪ
ṩѪǣ
ϳ TG,PL,Ch
ϳͪ壻
ϳ VLDL,HDL
LDL,CM
ϳ ͽѪ
ϳأ
ֽл
ͪ
֬
;Ϊ
ܴࡣ
ΪҪԴ
֬ᣬǹ
Ӧʱͪ塣
ϳɡԭ
ԭֽⲻṩǣ
ͨ֬ΪҪܷʽ
˶ʱǽͽΪ
Ҫǽͽ
ϸ
ϳɡ֬
ֽ֬֬ᡢͣ
֯
֬֯
Ҳɽͪ
Ҫǽͽ
ƤҪ֬,
ͪ
? лձ
ϸ
ͨϸڴлŨȵı
øԼ
ԭʼ /ϸˮƽ
ߵ
ϸˮƽл
ˮƽл
ˮƽл
һϸˮƽĴл
1.1 ϸøĸֲ
1.2 ؼøı乹
1.3 øĻѧε
1.4 øĵ
1.1 ϸøĸֲ
1.1.1 л;һϵøٷӦɣ
øɶøϵ
1.1.2 øϵԷֲϸڵӦ
лϸṹУֲ
л;Ļš
1.1.3 л;ٶȡйؼ
ø key enzyme Ļġл
ҪͨԹؼøԵĵʵ֡
øϵϸڵķֲ
øϵ ֲ
ǽͽ Һ
ԭϳ
ѭ
Һ ̴ϳ
غϳ 塢Һ
Һ
֬ϳ Һ
øϵ ֲ
֬ ?
֬ϳ
ữ
; Һ
Һ
ؼøķӦص,
A,ٶл;ٶȡ
ֳ ø ?limiting velocity enzymes?
BӦƽⷴӦ
л;ķ
Cܵ⣬ִܶл
ЧӦĵڡ
ؼøԵĵ
ٵ
ٻ
롢
Сʱ
øṹ
ĵ
øĵ
乹
ѧε
1.2 ؼøı乹
1.2.1 йظ
Сӻøӻij
һλ,øӹ仯
Ӷıø ĻԣֵڳΪø 乹
( allosteric regulation )
乹øø allosteric enzyme
乹ЧӦ ? allosteric effector ?
乹
乹Ƽ
乹ø
ǻ C
ǻ R
乹ЧӦ,ղ
СӴл
1.2.2 乹ڵĻ
乹ЧӦ + øĵǻ
øĹı
ǻۺ
ǻ
øӶ øĻԸı
Aʹղﲻɹ
CoA CoAȻø CoA
֬ CoA C
1.2.3
B乹ʹЧ
G- 6- P
C +
ԭữø
ǵ
ԭϳø
ٽǵĴ
CʹͬĴл;Э
C +
Ǽø
ǵ
ø AȻø
ٽ֬ĺϳ
1.3 øĻѧε
øijЩлøĴ·
(covalent modification),
øԸı䣬ֵڳΪø ѧ
( chemical modifacation )
1.3.1
ữ - - - ȥ
- - -
- - - ȥ
ջ - - -
SH CSSC
1.3.2 Ҫʽ
øữ
Thr
Ser
Tyr
-OH
ø
H2O Pi
ø
ATP ADP
ø
3
Thr
Ser
Tyr
-O-PO 2-
ø
A,, ܼصĵ
1.3.3 ص
BзŴЧӦЧʽϱ乹ڸߡ
DijЩøͬʱб乹ںͻѧ
εڡ
Cữ
1.4 øĵ
1.4.1 øϳɵյ
յ inductor
repressor
÷ʽ,
Aøϳɵյ
Bøϳɵ
Cضøϳɵյ
Dҩøϳɵյ
ͨıøӵĽٶȣҲ
ܵøĺ
1.4.2 ø
ͷŵˮø⵰
ʶ𡢽ϵʣ
ʷػ
ˮø⵰
ø
ø
ˮƽĴл
2.1 صĵ
2.3 صĵڻ
2.2 صķ
ڡı ֯
ϸ
ϵ ϸѧЧӦ
2.1 صĵ
ϸIJλͬ
2.2 صķ
Ĥ弤
弤
Ĥ
ʽ,
2.3 صĵڻ
ʽ
ˮƽĴл
3.1
3.2 Ӧ
ԭ Ѫ ?
ȵ ?,ȸѪ ?
һϵеĴл仯,
3.1
3.1.1 ڼ 1-3죩
A,ʴл仯,
ֽǿ
B,Ǵл仯,
ǿ,
֯ý
C,֬л仯,
֬Աǿͪ
A,ʴл仯, ֽ
B,Ǵл仯,
ҪԭΪᡢͪ
ǿ
C,֬л仯, ֬Աһǿ
֯ͪ
3.1.2 ڼ 3ϣ
Ӧ stress ָܵһЩ
ѰĴ̼,ˡʹ,
ȱжȾ
һϵзӦ,״̬,
3.2 Ӧ
3.2.1
˷
ʼƤʼ ?
ȸѪ ? ?ȵ ?
3.2.2 巴Ӧ
A,Ѫ
B,֬Աǿ
C,ʷֽǿ
3.2.3 лı