WELCOME INSTRUCTION
ATROPINE
阿托品
Teacher,Lanlan Zhou
周 兰 兰
Department,Pharmacology
药 理
MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST
Atropine,block muscarinic receptors,causing
inhibition of all muscarinic functions,
thron apple (曼陀罗 )
【 Source and chemistry】, alkaloid
生 物 碱
Stramonium 曼陀罗
Belladonna 颠茄
【 Mechanism 】, block muscarenic receptors
Atropine has a high affinity for muscarinic receptors.
Atropine is both a central and peripheral muscarinic
blocker.
Competition of atropine with acetycholine for the MR
药动学
? Absorption,readily
? Distribution,blood brain barrier
? Metabolism,partially by the liver
? Elimination,primarily in the urine
? Half-life, 4 hours
Its general actions last about 4 hours except when placed
topically in the eye,where the action may last for days,
【 Pharmacokinetics 】
1.Eye:
? mydriasis 散瞳
? unresponsiveness to light
? cycloplegia 调节麻痹
? intraocular pressure
2,Gastrointestinal (Gl ),胃肠道
? Reduce activity of the Gl tract — antispasmodic
Hydrochloric acid production is not affected
MYDRIASIS
Eye treated
with atropine
【 Drug Actions 】
3.Cardiovascular,divergent effects depending on
心血管 the dose
? Low doses →Cardiac rate (Bradycardia)
→ blockade of the M1（ 位于突触前膜 ） → ACH
? higher doses → Cardiac rate ( Tachycardia )
→ blocked the MR（位于突触后膜）
? at toxic levels→ Arterial blood pressure is affected
→ dilate the cutaneous vasculature
4.Urinary system,泌尿系统
Reduce hypermotility states of
the urinary bladder
5.Secretions,腺体分泌
? Rlocks the salivary glands on the oral
mucous membranes → xerostomia
? Sweat → elevated body temperature
? Lacrimal glands → xerophthalmia
1.Ophthalmic,眼
? Measurement of refractive errors
? Induce an attack to narrow angle glaucoma.
2.Antispasmodic agent,解痉剂
? Atropine is used as an antispasmodic agent
to relax the gastrointestinal tract and bladder.
? Enuresis → among children
【 Therapeutic uses 】
临床应用
3.As antidote for cholinergic agonists:解毒剂
? Organophosphate 有机磷中毒
? Mushroom poisoning 蘑菇中毒
4,Antisecretory agent, 抗分泌剂
Block secretions in the upper and lower respiratory tracts
prior to surgery.
Amonita muscaria
毒蝇鹅膏菌,有毒,含毒蝇碱
BLURRED
VISION
视力模糊
CONFUSION
意识混乱
MYDRIASIS
散 瞳
CONSTIPATION
便 秘
URINARY
RETENTION
尿 潴 留
Adverse effects commonly observed with atropine
【 Adverse effects 】 不良反应
? Dry mouth
? Blurred vision;sandy eyes ;mydriasis and cycloplegia
? Tachycardia
? Constipation
? Urinary retention
? CNS,Restlessness,confusion,hallucinations,delirium
Depression
Circulatory and respiratory systems collapse
Death
Depending on the dose:
AIM,Mastery the drug action,therapeutic uses
and adverse effect of atropine.
FOCAL POINT:Drug action,mechanism and
therapeutic uses of atropine.
DIFFICULT POINT:Difference of sensitiveness
of receptor to different position of atropine; to the
cardiovascular,especially the function of the eye.
Summary
Pharmacology,Magali Taylor,Peter Reide,Daniel
Horton.科学出版社,Harcourt Asia Mosby.2002
Lippincott’s illustrated reviews,Pharmacology.2nd
edition.（英文影印版） Mary J,Mycek,Richard A,Harvey,
Pamela C,Champe.中国协和医科大学出版社,2002
REFERENCES:
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!
ATROPINE
阿托品
Teacher,Lanlan Zhou
周 兰 兰
Department,Pharmacology
药 理
MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST
Atropine,block muscarinic receptors,causing
inhibition of all muscarinic functions,
thron apple (曼陀罗 )
【 Source and chemistry】, alkaloid
生 物 碱
Stramonium 曼陀罗
Belladonna 颠茄
【 Mechanism 】, block muscarenic receptors
Atropine has a high affinity for muscarinic receptors.
Atropine is both a central and peripheral muscarinic
blocker.
Competition of atropine with acetycholine for the MR
药动学
? Absorption,readily
? Distribution,blood brain barrier
? Metabolism,partially by the liver
? Elimination,primarily in the urine
? Half-life, 4 hours
Its general actions last about 4 hours except when placed
topically in the eye,where the action may last for days,
【 Pharmacokinetics 】
1.Eye:
? mydriasis 散瞳
? unresponsiveness to light
? cycloplegia 调节麻痹
? intraocular pressure
2,Gastrointestinal (Gl ),胃肠道
? Reduce activity of the Gl tract — antispasmodic
Hydrochloric acid production is not affected
MYDRIASIS
Eye treated
with atropine
【 Drug Actions 】
3.Cardiovascular,divergent effects depending on
心血管 the dose
? Low doses →Cardiac rate (Bradycardia)
→ blockade of the M1（ 位于突触前膜 ） → ACH
? higher doses → Cardiac rate ( Tachycardia )
→ blocked the MR（位于突触后膜）
? at toxic levels→ Arterial blood pressure is affected
→ dilate the cutaneous vasculature
4.Urinary system,泌尿系统
Reduce hypermotility states of
the urinary bladder
5.Secretions,腺体分泌
? Rlocks the salivary glands on the oral
mucous membranes → xerostomia
? Sweat → elevated body temperature
? Lacrimal glands → xerophthalmia
1.Ophthalmic,眼
? Measurement of refractive errors
? Induce an attack to narrow angle glaucoma.
2.Antispasmodic agent,解痉剂
? Atropine is used as an antispasmodic agent
to relax the gastrointestinal tract and bladder.
? Enuresis → among children
【 Therapeutic uses 】
临床应用
3.As antidote for cholinergic agonists:解毒剂
? Organophosphate 有机磷中毒
? Mushroom poisoning 蘑菇中毒
4,Antisecretory agent, 抗分泌剂
Block secretions in the upper and lower respiratory tracts
prior to surgery.
Amonita muscaria
毒蝇鹅膏菌,有毒,含毒蝇碱
BLURRED
VISION
视力模糊
CONFUSION
意识混乱
MYDRIASIS
散 瞳
CONSTIPATION
便 秘
URINARY
RETENTION
尿 潴 留
Adverse effects commonly observed with atropine
【 Adverse effects 】 不良反应
? Dry mouth
? Blurred vision;sandy eyes ;mydriasis and cycloplegia
? Tachycardia
? Constipation
? Urinary retention
? CNS,Restlessness,confusion,hallucinations,delirium
Depression
Circulatory and respiratory systems collapse
Death
Depending on the dose:
AIM,Mastery the drug action,therapeutic uses
and adverse effect of atropine.
FOCAL POINT:Drug action,mechanism and
therapeutic uses of atropine.
DIFFICULT POINT:Difference of sensitiveness
of receptor to different position of atropine; to the
cardiovascular,especially the function of the eye.
Summary
Pharmacology,Magali Taylor,Peter Reide,Daniel
Horton.科学出版社,Harcourt Asia Mosby.2002
Lippincott’s illustrated reviews,Pharmacology.2nd
edition.（英文影印版） Mary J,Mycek,Richard A,Harvey,
Pamela C,Champe.中国协和医科大学出版社,2002
REFERENCES:
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!
